CHAPTER TWO 2.1 INTRODUCTION The crude oil price and exchange rates are key research subjects‚ and both variables generate considerable impacts on macroeconomic conditions such as economic growth‚ international trade‚ inflation‚ and energy management. The relationships between the two have been studied‚ mainly for guidelines of interaction and causality. In past decades‚ changes in the price of crude oil have been shown to be a key factor in explaining movements of foreign exchange rates‚ particularly
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Assignment I Identify what you think is the single most important factor—political‚ economic‚ cultural‚ or environmental--in the Middle East prior to 1948 that has influenced today’s world. Explain and discuss this factor and its influences today in the Middle East using detailed and specific examples to support your argument. Without equivocation oil in the Middle East has been the biggest factor to influence today’s world. With the exception of food‚ no commodity is more widely in demand
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In 1893 French economist Joseph Bertrand developed his Bertrand model of competition from his review of Antoine Cournots study of a Spring Water duopoly. His criticism lay with how firms in oligopolies compete. In his model firms compete with prices rather than Cornots quantities. (REFERENCE TO SPANISH JOURNAL) The model consists of two firms who set prices simultaneously and independently (HUGH GRAVIELLE AND AY REES‚ MICROECONOMICES)‚ jean tiral explains this as when one firm sets its price it
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THE GREENSPAN ERA In October 1979‚ as Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) was imposing adverse supply shocks on the world’s economies for the second time in a decade‚ Fed Chairman Paul Volcker decided that the time for action had come. Volcker had been appointed chairman by President Carter only two months earlier‚ and he had taken the job knowing that inflation had reached unacceptable levels. As guardian of the nation’s monetary system‚ he felt he had little choice but to pursue
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essentials of Oil & Gas industry Vaisakh Venugopal The assignment helps in understanding the Overview of historical outline and theoretical frame work on origin of oil and gas ‚the Current world energy scenario and relevance of oil and gas‚ What oil and gas is physically‚ chemically‚ technically and economically‚ working of the oil and gas industry: upstream‚ midstream and downstream‚ Oil markets and their working‚ Supply and demand trends‚ forecasts‚ pricing of oil and gas and their derivatives
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competition‚ oligopoly‚ and pure monopoly markets. Each market has its own characteristics in terms of barriers‚ price control‚ and the kind of products. An oligopoly market can be defined as a market which has a few large producers of homogenous or differentiated products. Moreover each firm is affected by the decisions of its rival and must take those decisions into consideration when setting its own price and quantity. Regulating the merger activity by governments at oligopolies markets could
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Econ 3551/ L. Kahane Oligopolies By Kenya Spring 09 Pepsi & Coke 08 Fall In May‚ 1886‚ Coca Cola was introduced by John Pemberton a pharmacist from Atlanta‚ Georgia. John Pemberton started brewing his coca cola formula in a three legged brass kettle in his backyard. Pharmacists Caleb Bradham in New Bern‚ North Carolina first made competitor Pepsi in the 1890’s. The brand was trademarked on June 16‚ 1903. These companies have brand identification and customer loyalties that have made
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OUM TOPIC 8: MONOPOLY‚ MONOPOLISTIC AND OLIGOPOLY TOPIC 8: MONOPOLY‚ MONOPOLISTIC AND OLIGOPOLY Introduction Apart from perfect market competition‚ we will look at three other types of market structure‚ namely monopoly‚ monopolistic and oligopoly in this topic. We will also compare between the characteristics of the market structure. In this topic‚ the emphasis will be on monopoly‚ while the other two structures will be discussed briefly. Learning Objectives At the end of this topic
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Maximizing Profits in Market Structures Competitive markets‚ monopolies‚ and oligopolies play a big role in the economy. We will be discussing the characteristics‚ price determination‚ output determination‚ barriers to entry‚ and the role in economy of each market structure. In a competitive market there are many firms that supply the same product‚ such as local gas stations. Mankiw (2007) stated‚ “You may recall that a market is competitive if each buyer and seller is small compared to the size
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(yahoo. Finance)‚ which has allowed the company to continue to grow. To understand the company‚ one needs to know the market structure in which they do business. Market Structure The market structure in which Kellogg does it business is an oligopoly. An oligopoly is formed when a few companies dominate a market. In this market the four main cereal companies are Kellogg‚ Post‚ General Mills and Quaker Oats. Whether by noncompliance practices‚ government mandates or technological savvy these companies
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