In his book Nichomachean Ethics‚ Aristotle outlines a teleological framework as a way of understanding human activity. As a part of this framework‚ Aristotle suggests that there is an ‘ultimate end’ which is the goal of this human activity. For the purpose of this paper‚ I begin by reconstructing Aristotle’s teleological framework‚ and its relationship with the idea of an ‘ultimate end’. I will then go on to argue that while the framework offers one understanding of human activity‚ that it does not
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On the Teleological Argument McCloskey claims that “to get the proof going‚ genuine indisputable examples of design and purpose are needed.” He is implicating that we as humans do not have the full understanding or knowledge of everything about creation. Again‚ based on anyone arguments‚ he nor I can prove God‚ no God‚ or why everything is here. Even he stated in his article that if people accept the examples of purpose and design we would only be entitled to believe that there is a “powerful” “designer
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of your actions and deontological is the actions that you perform. Teleological theories are what the consequence or outcome of what your actions do and Kant thinks that this is wrong and that we should act deontologically and act out of duty‚ not out of compassion. He believes that we should do something‚ because we have to‚ not out of compassion or if we think its morally wrong or right‚ we should just do it. Teleological theories are based on outcome. If you perform a bad act but the outcome
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Ontologically‚ epistemologically‚ and methodologically‚ the present study fits most comfortably within the constructivist approach. On the ontological front‚ the formal model proposed in the previous chapter reflects the acceptance in the present study of the core ontological tenets of constructivism. Namely‚ I modeled constructivism’s two core ontological tenets: (1) that “social reality is constructed” and social agents are the “social constructors of their own practices and structures;” and (2)
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Explain the cosmological argument for the existence of God (25 marks) Thomas Aquinas famously formulated his version of the cosmological or "first cause" argument. According to this argument‚ the things which we see around us now are the products of a series of previous causes. But that series cannot go back in time forever. Thus there must be some first cause which was not itself caused by anything else. And that first uncaused cause is God. A lot of the argument is based on Aristotelian views
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Examine the main strengths of the cosmological argument for the existence of God (21 marks) The main question the cosmological argument ponders thought on is ‘Why is there a universe at all?’ The cosmological argument asks the scientific question behind the universe as the design argument asks an emotional one. One of the main strengths of the cosmological argument was brought forward again recently by William Lane Craig. The argument tries to say that the world couldn’t have just occurred‚ there
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Scientific Revolution Nicolas Copernicus 1473 - 1543 Tycho Brahe 1546-1601 Johannes Kepler 1571 -1630 Galileo Galilei 1564- 1642 Isaac Newton 1642- 1726 Nicolas Copernicus 1473 - 1543 Nicolas Copernicus Nicolas Copernicus wrote a brief statement which essentially said we live in a heliocentric solar system and that the sun is the center of everything. Against the church however the church didn’t seem to care that Copernicus was announcing his belief. Because his statement was poorly written
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The weaknesses of the Ontological Argument give support to Atheism. Discuss this claim (12 marks) Anselm’s ontological argument described in part (a)‚ was refuted in his own lifetime‚ by Gaunilo‚ who demonstrated in a reduction ad absurdum of his own‚ that if the logic of the argument were applied to things other than God‚ it led to invalid conclusions. Gaunilo didn’t identify any specific fault with the argument‚ but argued that something must be wrong with it‚ because if there wasn’t anything
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someone. Adversely‚ teleological morality could claim that by not pushing the button‚ the witness is choosing to kill five people instead of one by not interjecting. From a teleological perspective‚ the witness should press the button as killing one person instead of five creates more happiness for more people. Morally‚ it would be acceptable to press the button as the goodness of the act outweighs the harmful effects. Morality can be classified as deontological or teleological. Nonetheless‚ morality
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1. St. Thomas Aquinas was a big proponent of the cosmological proof of God’s existence. This proof is based on the concept of cause and effect‚ which states that everything is caused by something. But there is not an infinite cause because there has to be a start. Another word‚ there has to be an uncaused first cause. In this situation‚ the first cause has to be God. Whoever believes in this theory might say that the creation of the universe was not caused by the Big Bang. They may still believe
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