Psychology Week 3 Assignment 1) Distinguish between operant conditioning‚ observational learning‚ and social learning. How are these different kinds of learning utilized in the work place? Give specific examples for each one. a) Operant conditioning is the learning through voluntary responses and its consequences. A specific behavior is performed and from that behavior there is a consequence. For me‚ in the workplace‚ I know that if I complete my jobs assigned to me then I am complimented on
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B.F. SKINNER Operant condition is the condition of responses Parents have long known that children respond to a system of rewards and punishments. While to say that this is a simplification of the theories of famed American behaviourist B.F. Skinner would be an understatement‚ it is accurately descriptive of the most basic aspect of his beliefs. Operant behaviour and operant conditioning‚ Skinner’s most widely acclaimed work‚ is based on a system of both positive and negative reinforcement
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to Brennan (2003) a person’s behaviour‚ including their personality‚ is learnt. As children we are tabula rasa‚ which means we do not have any innate behaviour‚ we learn these as a result of conditioning. Watson’s famous but highly unethical “little Albert experiment” highlights the influence of conditioning. Driscoll (2000) suggests that behaviourism offers a particular perspective on how learning occurs and how teaching impacts that process. Green et al (2000) propose that only evident‚ measurable
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Behaviourist Approach is that it is a scientific approach in that it has clear and measurable variables (stimulus‚ response and reinforcer) which allows scientific experiments to be conducted. For example‚ Skinner’s conducted an experiment to present operant conditioning where the independent variable was the reinforcer (food pellet) and the electric shock (punishment) and the dependent variable was the frequency of lever pressing. This is a strength as scientific experiments provide strong objective data
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References: Dembo‚ M. H.‚ (2004). Applying Educational Psychology in the Classroom. University of Garry‚ D Huitt‚ W. and Hummel. T. (1997). An Introduction to Operant (Instrumental) Conditioning. Educational Psychology Interactive. Valdosta‚ GA: Valdosta State University Mayer‚ R‚F Mbunda‚ F.L.‚ (2006). Application of Teaching and Learning Theories. Dar es Salaam. Munn‚ L N‚ Ferdinand. D‚ & Ferdinand‚ P. S (1972). Basic Psychology
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Week 3: Learning‚ Memory‚ & Intelligence - Homework 1) Distinguish between operant conditioning‚ observational learning‚ and social learning. How are these different kinds of learning utilized in the work place? Give specific examples for each one. Operant conditioning is a type of learning that occurs when rewards and punishments are used to teach voluntary‚ or chosen‚ behavior. Created by B.F. Skinner‚ this is based on the observation‚ analyzation‚ and the ability to measure behaviors
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Behaviourist Perspective 3: Operant Conditioning You need to be able to: Describe the process of operant conditioning Outline the theories of B.F.Skinner Assess the contribution of the behaviourists to Psychology Burrhus F. Skinner and Behaviourist Psychology B.F.Skinner was very much influenced by Watson’s behaviourist ideas. However‚ he also realised that the psychology proposed by Watson had some serious shortcomings. In particular‚ a psychology based wholly on classical conditioning assumes that organisms
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(8+16) Psychological explanations of obesity include the psychodynamic and the behaviourist approach. Behaviourism suggests three means by which obesity may occur; classical conditioning‚ operant conditioning and social learning theory. There is a great deal of evidence for the behavioural explanation. Classical conditioning is where eating becomes associated with other behaviours that are often routine‚ leading to eating when not hungry for example snacking whilst watching TV. Evidence for this
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Abstract This study sought to test the use of operant conditioning principles to increase the levels of exercise of the author‚ more specifically to increase the quantity of push-ups and sit-up sets. A baseline measuring of the sum of both sets of exercise was recorded over a 10 day period. An intervention plan was then used in an attempt to increase the levels of exercise sessions done in the subsequent 10 day intervention testing period. The Bloom’s method was used in the analysis to compare the
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Reinforcement Theory Reinforcement is a term in operant conditioning and behavior analysis for a process of strengthening a directly measurable dimension of behavior—such as rate (pulling a lever more frequently)‚ duration ( pulling a lever for longer periods of time)‚ magnitude (pulling a lever with greater force)‚ or latency (pulling a lever more quickly following the onset of an environmental event)—as a function of the delivery of a "valued" stimulus (money from a slot machine) immediately or
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