Law homework Due 28/11/11 A) The source refers to the literal rule. Describe the literal rule using the source and cases to illustrate your answer (15 Marks) The literal rule is where the courts will give their words a plain‚ ordinary or literal meaning‚ even if the result is not very sensible. It involves the judge applying the literal rule even if it results in absurdity. R v Judge of City of London Court (1892) in which Lord Esher said ‘If the words of an Act are clear then you must
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Skinner’s Theory of Operant Conditioning and Behavior Modification Theory: Behaviorism Theorist: B.F. Skinner Biography: B.F Skinner was considered to be the father of the behavioral approach to psychology‚ due to his prominence as a spokesperson for behaviorism (Corey‚ 2009). B.F. Skinner was born in 1904 (Corey‚ 2009). Skinner recalled his upbringing as being a warm and stable family environment (Corey‚ 2009). In the 8th edition of Theory and Practice of Counseling and Psychotherapy‚ Gerald
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1. Provide an example of how infants learn through classical conditioning and operant conditioning. Classical Conditioning (Pavlov) According to experts‚ classical conditioning theory involves learning a new behavior through the process of association where two stimuli are joined together to produce a new learned response in a person or animal. Example is an unconditioned stimulus (UCS) where a nipple is put in a baby’s mouth‚ this actions results to an unlearned reflex action (unconditioned response
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Statutory Rape A’ram Christopher Criminal Law Professor James Barney Statutory Rape Introduction Statutory rape is usually defined by the state law concerned. However‚ statutory rape is distinguished from other forms of rape in that the victim must necessarily be below the age of consent and that lack of consent is not a requisite to the crime on the common understanding that a person below a certain age lacks the capability to give an informed consent. Prior to the development of modern
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(in the American school system) that grades began to have more meaning and a significant impact on someone’s life and future. In order to teach Michael’s son the positive benefits of completing assignments on time‚ it is best for him to use operant conditioning‚ which is a learning method in which rewards/punishments are used. In this particular situation punishments would not be effective as Michael is trying to teach his son positive benefits‚ simply punishing him for not completing it will teach
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Can classical and operant conditioning account for the development of phobias? Classical conditioning involves pairing an unconditioned stimulus with a conditioned stimulus. The conditioned stimulus then produces a conditioned response. Operant conditioning then refers to associations between the response and the outcome. The following essay will examine evidence supporting classical and operant conditioning as a cause of phobias. Other theories‚ such as biological and evolutionary‚ will also
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are conditioned from a young age to adhere to the standards set by the world state. Skinners theory of operant conditioning is seen at play when children are given treats upon discovering the death of a peer; by being rewarded—or‚ positively reinforced—at the sight of death‚ they begin to associate death with something positive‚ and on the whole view death as a good thing. Operant conditioning is also seen being used to dissuade children from certain things‚ such as when Delta class children are
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2012 Applying Operant Conditioning To Ones life Operant Conditioning can easily be applied to our everyday lives. “It is a type of learning in which behavior is strengthened if followed by a reinforcer or diminished if followed by a punisher.” (Myers 236) When we observe our environment and the people with-in it‚ we will be able to understand and comprehend actions duly. We are also able to discern the consequences of our actions. An everyday situation which operant conditioning can be used in
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If I would be a manager of a large automobile factory‚ I would be interested in increasing the productivity among all workers. A good tool for this is Operant Conditioning. I would have 3 types of workers: white collar office employees‚ factory line workers‚ and quality control employees. I would use different techniques for each type. For quality control workers I would use punishment. If they didn’t notice a defect in the product that they were supposed to check‚ they would get a fine taken off
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Changing Habits Step 1: Presenting the participant: The participant I chose is my youngest sister: Liliane. Liliane just turned 15 this month. She is in the 9th grade‚ a very special school year‚ since‚ at the end‚ she has to present the official Lebanese exam. We‚ her family‚ believe that we must not get worried about the exam‚ since she’s intelligent‚ one of the best students in her class‚ with a really high average. She is usually an active girl‚ very sociable‚ with a wide network of friends
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