BY: KASHIF SOHAIL ROLL No: Fa-2012/MScEM/040 INSTALLATION OF GPON AT ISLAMABAD PROJECT CHARTER DEVELOP PROJECT CHARTER - INPUTS Statement of Work. The scope of the project includes installation of GPON (Gigabit Passive Optical Network) at Islamabad. The same includes laying of fiber optic cable‚ installation of necessary PON components and provision of triple play services (Data‚ Voice & Video) and add-on services such as Video on-demand‚ Online Gaming‚ HDTV etc to 0.2M subscribers of Islamabad
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emission of radiation) used to provide the high-powered‚ tightly controlled light wavelengths necessary for high-speed‚ long-distance optical fiber transmission. 4. Output Pattern-is the energy couples into the core of the optical fiber. 5. Output Power- allows transmission distances. 6. Modulation Speed- is something that can limit the performance of a fiber-optic communication system. 7. Core Diameter Mismatch- will cause confusion to the system that you are sending the data from because light
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* SONET Digital Hierarchy * Synchronous Optical Networking (SONET) is a standardized multiplexing protocol that transfers multiple digital bit streams over optical fiber using lasers or light emitting diodes (LEDs). SONET was designed by the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) for the USA public telephone network in the mid 1980’’s due to the breakup of AT&T. With the breakup‚ numerous regional telephone companies were created and those companies encountered network problems working
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DESIGN OF A CHIRPED FIBER BRAGG GRATING FOR USE IN WIDEBAND DISPERSION COMPENSATION İsa Navruz e-mail: inavruz@eng.ankara.edu.tr Ahmet Altuncu e-mail: altuncu@mail.dumlupinar.edu.tr Key words: Fiber Bragg grating ‚ dispersion compensation‚ apodization ABSTRACT A wideband chirped fiber Bragg grating (FBG) dispersion compensator operating in C band is designed theoretically by numerically solving the coupled mode equations. The power reflectivity spectrum and dispersion characteristics of
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information 6 3. ANALYSIS 8 3.1 Fiber-optic technology 9 3.2 Fiber-optic applications 10 3.3 Transmission history 10 3.4 Fiber-optics emergence 11 3.5 Transmission system in Pakistan 12 3.6 Transition from microwave to optical fiber system 13 3.7 On-going optical fiber project 14 3.8 Improvements 14 4. CONCLUSIONS 15 4.1 The success factor of an organisation 16 4.2 Fiber-optic technology‚ a success factor 16 4.3
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WDM in Pakistan • SEA-ME-WE 3 • SDH in Pakistan • Overview of Zong Introduction • History • SDH Principle of Operation • Transmitter: o QAM o QPSK o Light source • Receiver: o Light sensor o Operational Amplifier o QAM Detector • Optical Equipment used at Zong Telecom Specifications and Features • SDH Frame Structure • Traffic Interfaces • Models Currently in Use • Transmission Rate • Sensitivity • Electrical Characteristics o STM – 1 o STM – 64 • Network Topologies • Limitations
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(D) – Embedded System 2K6 EC 805 (E )– Secure Communications 2K6 EC 805(F )– Optimization Techniques Code Subject Hours/Week Sessional Marks University Examination L T P/D Hrs Marks 2K6 EC 801 Radar and Navigation 3 1 - 50 3 100 2K6 EC 802 Optical Communication 3 1 - 50 3 100 2K6 EC 803 Computer Communication & Networking 3 1 - 50 3 100 2K6 EC 804 Wireless Mobile Communication 3 1 - 50 3 100 2K6 EC 805 Elective III 3 1 - 50 3 100 2K6 EC 806(P) Seminar - - 4 50 - - *2K6 EC 807(P) Project
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added to fiber-optic cabling to provide additional support? Answer: Nylon and Aluminum Coatings 6. What layer of the OSI reference model do routers work on? Answer: Layer 3 7. What are examples of a makeshift tools? Answer: Tennis Ball and Duct Tape 8. What should be included in cabling system documentation? Answer: Network Diagrams 9. What is refraction? Answer: Is the bending of light as it passes through a medium 10. What was the first full-scale commercial application of fiber-optic communication
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Analog and Digital Comparison Paper Fundamentals of Networking Analog and Digital Comparison Paper T(X) & synchronous optical network (SONET) digital hierarchy There are currently two infrastructure types that are in use today. The first being Plesiochronous Digital Hierarchy (PDH)‚ which was built on the three transmission standards identified as T-carrier (North America)‚ E- carrier (Europe)‚ and J-carrier (Japan). These transmission standards are commonly referred to as (T-X) for
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INTRODUCTION The current ultramodern technologies are focusing on automation and miniaturization. The decreasing computing device size‚ increased connectivity and enhanced interaction with the physical world have characterized computing history. Recently‚ the popularity of small computing devices‚ such as hand held computers and cell phones; rapidly flourishing internet group and the diminishing size and cost of sensors and especially transistors have accelerated these strengths. The emergence
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