Network 4 Resolving the Capacity Crisis 6 How DWDM functions 7 DWDM Systems 8 Conclusion 10 Introduction In fiber-optic communications‚ wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM) is a technology which multiplexes multiple optical carrier signals on a single optical fiber by using different wavelengths (colours) of laser light to carry different signals. This allows for a multiplication in capacity‚ in addition to enabling bidirectional communications over one strand of fiber. "This is a form
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ORTHOGONAL FREQUENCY-DIVISION MULTIPLEXING Amanpreet Kaura‚ Kamaljit Singh Bhatiab a‚b Department of Electronics Engineering‚ Sri Guru Granth Sahib World University‚ Fatehgarh Sahib‚ India Corresponding Author:kamalbhatia.er@gmail.com To design optical OFDM using low bandwidth electronics and optoelectronics components‚also low loss comb-line combiner using the IFFT‚lightware centralized Bidirectional hybrid Acess network and also with remodulated ONUS and a coherent receiver OLT ‚various technique
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simply a picture of the document being scanned‚ special software – usually called OCR software‚ for optical character recognition (оптическое распознавание символов) – must analyze the picture and convert it into characters. In addition to text and images‚ optical recognition can process data in a variety of forms: optical marks‚ optical characters‚ bar codes‚ and even handwritten characters. Optical mark recognition (OMR) is sometimes called mark sensing (считывание карандашных меток) because a
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Input Device is any peripheral (piece of computer hardware equipment) used to provide data and control signals to an information processing system such as a computer or other information appliance. A keyboard is the most common input device. Using a keyboard‚ the user can type the text and execute commands. Keyboard is designed to resemble a regular typewriter with a few additional keys. Data is entered into the computer by simply pressing various keys. The layout of a keyboard comes in various
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Abstract This paper is about a selected few image processing applications. Optical Character Recognition is the translation of images of handwritten‚ typewritten or printed text into machine-editable text. Then I have introduced the captcha that we so frequently encounter in common websites. An algorithm trying to solve or break a captcha has been explained. Face detection is a growing and an important tool in security these days. It must be applied before face recognition. There are many
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Data Input Methods Optical data readers The best data input method for printed questionnaires would be Optical Data Readers. Optical Data Readers are a special type of scanning device to be used on documents. Optical Data Readers fall under two categories‚ optical mark recognition (OMR) and optical character recognition (OCR) (Stair‚ R.‚ Reynolds‚ G.‚ 2004). Printed questionnaires which‚ for instance‚ can be used for surveying groups of people regarding a particular subject can utilize OMR through
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Interval Error ime Multiplex SOH (in an STM frame) Mean Time Between Failures Multi Longitudinal Mode Laser Not Applicable Network Element Non-Return to Zero TM Module with Optical Aggr Electrical ‚ Trib ADM Module with Optical Aggr‚ Electrical Trib‚ Electrical Aggr ADM Module with Optical Aggr‚ Electrical Trib‚ Optical Aggr Overhead Access Operations System Printed Circuit Board PDH PMP POH PRC PS Qecb Qecc RCF RSOH RX S3 S4 S12 SCF SD SDH SEC SETG SIR Sk SLM STM
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Computer systems computer systems Assignment 1 - Topic: scanners Date: Student name: Student number: Tutor name: Tutorial time: Abstract • This report investigates the current state of scanner technology and examines the predicted future advancements of scanners. A brief history of the scanner and its operation is initially outlined. The discussion then focuses on the advantages and limitations of the five main types of scanners in common use today: drum‚ flatbed‚ sheet-fed‚ slide‚ and hand
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Date: Student name: Student number: Tutor name: Tutorial time: Abstract Clear statement of the four criteria used in the report to assess the technology.Appropriately mentions an important aspect of future enhancements - sensor technology‚ as well as other aspects of future scanning technology. The comment on the quality of scanned images could be extended to include other desirable improvement outcomes; for example‚ faster scanning or 3D scanning. This report investigates
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Campus: Kenya Methodist University. Branch: Nairobi. Name: Ann Mwende Thyaka. Adm No: HND- 1- 2026 -1 2013. Course: Human Nutrition and Dietetics. Unit: Computer Applications Unity Code: COMP 100 Assignment 1. 1. Convert the following numbers as required a) 9537.375 - 10 -------------------- --------------- X2 = 100110111111.11111101 b) DB97AF – 16 ---------------------------------------X10 = 14391207 c) 675 – 8 --------------------------------------------- X 2 = 110111101 2. Elaborate
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