Eshwa Eka Organic Chemistry lab Due April 18‚ 2014 Title: Identification of Conjugated diene from Eucalyptus Oil Abstract: The purpose of this experiment is to separate and identify a conjugated diene from eucalyptus oil by making its Diels-Alder adduct with maleic anhydride. The unknown is one of four conjugated dienes with its names and the melting points. The melting point of the adduct was 112°C revealed the identity of the diene in eucalyptus oil which was α-phellandrene. Introduction:
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Design Lab #17: Reaction Rate - Calcium Carbonate & Hydrochloric acid Design D: Introduction: In this experiment calcium carbonate will be put into a flask and mixed with hydrochloric acid to produce calcium chloride‚ water and carbon dioxide. The formula for this reaction is: CaCO3(s) + 2HCl(aq) → CaCl2(aq) + CO2(g) + H2O(l) Purpose: The purpose of this experiment is to determine how the surface area of CaCO3(s) affects the rate of
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Chapter 2 METHODOLOGY Materials The materials used for the preparation of T. catappa seeds oil include: Hammer‚ G-clamp‚ stainless bowl‚ roasted T. catappa seeds‚ plain sheet‚ empty bottle‚ funnel‚ filter paper‚ stainless tube and trays. The materials used for the corrosion bath set-up include: Extracted oil from T. catappa seeds‚ cutter‚ 1 molar aqueous acetic acid and sulphuric acid‚ 1 galloon seawater‚ locally produced iron rods and tin cans‚ electrical cutter‚ beakers and transparent jars
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Hartree-Fock and MP2 wavefunctions of graphene suffer from the contamination from higher spin states and spin projection method failed to project out the spin contaminants. The spin density from HF was overestimated‚ while for MP2 it has the wrong trend. B3LYP and PBEPBE wavefunctions however have negligible contamination for higher spin states. Comparison with reported results showed that the spin densities at the center of the molecule from the pure functionals of PBEPBE were underestimated. Based
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CHEMISTRY OF NATURAL PRODUCTS Terpenoids Sameena Bano Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science Jamia Hamdard New Delhi-110062 (24.09.2007) CONTENTS Introduction Classification of Terpenoids Isolation of mono and sesquiterpenoids General properties of Terpenoids General methods of structure elucidation Terpenoids Citral Menthol Camphor Eugenol Keywords Terpenes‚ isoprene‚ citral‚ menthol‚ camphor and eugenol 1 Introduction There are many different classes of naturally occurring
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GROUND WATER THE WATER/HYDROLOGIC CYCLE * Composed of evaporation from the oceans * Movements of moist air inland * Condensation and precipitation * Run-off on the surface or sub-surface back to the ocean * Plus additional minor cycles * Involves the exchange of water with the atmosphere‚ the earth‚ and the different water forms * Done when clouds gain water vapor from the various water forms * Evaporation – process where water turns into steam or gas when the
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Hadeel Daher Mr.Geigle English 1106 12 September 2014 “Ground Zero” The incident of a terrorist attack that occurred in New York City on the twin towers but also the pentagon was another target that was aimed for‚ only this one happened in Washington D.C. Both of these incidents come hand in hand and are rooted in America’s history‚ due to all of the American families who lost a loved one or a close relative. This impact was very hard to endure for many American hearts. September 11‚ 2001
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Importance of chemistry : 1. Chemistry can improve the conditions of human life and even save lives. 2. Provides deeper knowledge. 3. * Plastics that are as strong as metals but light weight. * Personal care and household products * Polymers or various sizes and shapes * Metal alloys * Drugs from various ailment CONTRIBUTION OF CHEMISTRY : 1. Food and agriculture 2. energy production 3 . environment preservation 4 . education 5 . clothing 6. colors and
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envy. The public is constantly bombarded with the idea that organic products are better. Perhaps this is true‚ but maybe it is brilliant marketing simply selling a status symbol. Envy can come from a neighbor’s luscious‚ organically grown front yard to the hybrid vehicle a co-worker drives‚ to the organic foods that consumers in a higher financial echelon seem to be able to only afford. Is this envy justifiable or is the notion of organics and its superiority a tactic of propaganda to boost the already
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= CH2 + [O] + H2O → CH2 – CH2 ⏐ ⏐ OH OH (a) Insert a glowing splint into the hydrocarbon hydrocarbons: Burns with smoky flame Aromatic hydrocarbons (b) Add concentrated nitric(v) acid and concentrated sulphuric acid at 55 °C: Yellow oil with bitter almond smell produced benzene NO2 + HNO3 (HONO2) Alkylbenzenes – CH3 CH3 + H2O Add alkaline KMnO4 and boil: Decolourisation of KMnO4; brown precipitate of MnO2 formed ⎯ CH3 + 3[O] methylbenzene H2SO4 ⎯ COOH
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