References: Badgley‚ C.‚ Moghtader‚ J.‚ Quintero E.‚ Zakem‚ E.‚ Chappel M.J.‚ Vasquez‚ K.A‚ Samulon‚ A.‚ and Perfecto. I. (2007). Organic Agriculture and the global food supply. Renewable Agriculture and Food Systems. 22: 86-108. Bailey‚ M. (2007). The History of Suffolk: Medieval Suffolk – An economic and social history‚ 1200-1500. Boydell Press‚ Woodbridge. Bruinsma (2003) Canadian
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the decomposition of water in simple but very colorful and dramatic fashion on an overhead projector. Concepts: • Decomposition reaction • Oxidation–reduction • Electrolysis • pH Materials: Sodium Chloride/universal indicator solution‚ NaCl‚ 25 mL Overhead projector Pencil lead‚ 0.7 mm Battery lead with alligator clips Petri dish‚ disposable Battery‚ 9-Volt Graduated cylinder‚ 25- mL Safety Precautions: Universal indicator is an
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CHEMISTRY III : (CHEMISTRY & YOU) 1 PRETEST 1. The science that tackles the study of matter‚ its structure and the changes in composition that matter undergoes is a. Astrology c. Ecology b. Chemistry d. Physics 2. When a chemist performs an experiment‚ the quantity that is being tested is the a. control c. theory b. law d. variable 3. Juan is comparing how many kilos of rice can be contained in a sack. What process is he doing? a. counting c. measurement b. interpolation
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Experiment 7 INVESTIGATING STOICHIOMETRY WITH SODIUM SALTS OF CARBONIC ACID Introduction In this experiment we are going to get a better understanding of chemical stoichiometry. We are going to be reacting sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) and sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) with hydrochloric acid (HCl). To start off the mass of two unknown substances (being the sodium bicarbonate and sodium carbonate) will be taken. We will need to construct balanced equations for both of the reactants with the HCl and
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ESTERIFICATION SYNTHESIS OF PEAR OIL One of the major uses of Esterification (C(=O)-C-R) is forming compounds with different odors which can be used to make different synthetic and natural flavorings. Using the chemical and physical properties of organic compounds‚ an ester was catalyzed from the reaction of a carboxylic acid with an alcohol‚ producing an odor similar to that of pear oil. The mechanism of this Fischer- Esterification process is outlined as follows:
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Chemical Reactions- Sodium Hydroxide A chemical reaction is a change where two or more substances are changed into a new substance. You can identify a chemical reaction by colour change‚ effervescence (bubbles)‚ when light or heat given off‚ and the change is usually irreversible. There are 6 main types of chemical reactions- combustion (often called burning)‚ synthesis‚ decomposition‚ neutralization‚ single replacement and double replacement. A combustion reaction is a reaction with oxygen‚ and
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Source: Chemistry by C. Mortimer PP 1-5 Chemistry by R.S. de Borja PP 1-5 Definition of Chemistry Chemistry is concerned with the composition and the structure of substances and with the forces that hold this structure together. And the changes that undergoes with the energy involved in them. History Chemistry which emerged‚ took hundreds of years to develop the history of its development can be divided ranging into five
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Lab #4 The Synthesis of Organic Polymers CHM2123‚ Section C October 21‚ 2014 Introduction: Organic polymers are macromolecules that are composed of smaller molecules called monomers. There are two main groups of polymers: natural polymers and unnatural (synthetic) polymers. Natural polymers include proteins such as cellulose and starch and are a necessity for our existence. On the other hand‚ synthetic polymers such as the polycarbonate in our lab goggles
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ALCOHOLS Alcohols are compounds in which one or more hydrogen atoms in an alkane have been replaced by an -OH group. For the purposes of UK A level‚ we will only look at compounds containing one -OH group. For example: Primary alcohols In a primary (1°) alcohol‚ the carbon which carries the -OH group is only attached to one alkyl group Some examples of primary alcohols include: Secondary alcohols In a secondary (2°) alcohol‚ the carbon with the -OH group attached is joined directly to
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Marketplace Characteristics of U.S. Organic Sector The U.S. organic food industry crossed a threshold in 2000: for the first time‚ more organic food was purchased in conventional supermarkets than in any other venue. Industry estimates suggest that nearly half of the $7.8 billion spent on organic food in 2000 was purchased in conventional retail outlets. Organic products are now available in nearly 20‚000 natural foods stores (Natural Foods Merchandiser)‚ and are sold in 73 percent
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