Purpose: To use indicators to test for the presence of organic compounds in certain substances. Hypothesis: Honey will contain sugars‚ egg white contains proteins‚ corn oil contains lipids‚ oats contains starches and proteins‚ gelatin contains sugars and proteins‚ potatoes contain starch‚ and apple juice contains lipids and sugars. Materials: 9 test tubes Test tube rack Test tube holder Grease pencil Hot plate 20 ml honey solution 20 ml egg white and water mixture 20
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CHEM 1211 L Principles of Chemistry Lab 16 February 2004 Lab Report 1 Introduction The purpose of this project is to identify an unknown organic acid (X) by conducting various experiments to determine the acid’s unique properties. By determining selected constant properties of the unknown and then comparing these properties to the constant properties of known substances‚ it is possible to identify an unknown substance. The properties used to identify the unknown must be intensive‚ or independent
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of the reaction: The effect of the temperature of the reaction on the activity of the purified enzyme was carried out by make the enzymatic reaction for 10 minutes at different temperature 25‚30‚35‚40‚45‚50‚60 and 70°C using an enzyme protein 0.1mg/reaction mixture and substrate concentration of 15 mg/reaction mixture‚ using a control of previously heated enzyme solution in the reaction. The data recorded in (table 27) and (figure 29) illustrate the effect of temperature of the reaction on the pectinase
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Determining the Properties of Different Acids and Bases Yamin Liu November 16th‚ 2017 Chemistry 1021 Section: 427 Benton Smith Discussion of Results The goals of this experiment were to find the identities of four unknown compounds and to first determine the pH. We then were required to run a series of anion and cation tests to determine the composition of the unknown solutions. To get more knowledge about these solutions we ran a series of dilutions to see if
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gain or lose during a reaction. Each atom in an equation can be assigned an oxidation number according to certain rules. If the oxidation number of an atom increases as you go from the left side to the right side if an equation‚ oxidation has occurred (electrons have been lost); if the oxidation number decreases‚ reduction has occurred (electrons have been gained). MnO4¯ + 8 H+ + 5e¯ → Mn+² + 4 H2O (1) In the above reduction half-reaction‚ manganese has undergone
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Discussion: The experiment lacked a proper control - While the experiment could not answer the research question‚ this does not disprove the possibility for the choice of bread to affect blood glucose levels; the obtained results were simply not sufficient to prove a connection. This might be due to several reasons‚ but as the experiment lacked a control subject which the other values could have been compared to‚ the results are completely unusable. However‚ there is no consistency in the results
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The SN2 reaction requires three qualities: a strong nucleophile‚ a good‚ unhindered leaving group‚ and a polar‚ aprotic solvent. For our reaction‚ we have all three bases covered. The nucleophile is an alkoxide‚ a deprotonated alcohol. Technically‚ because our alcohol is a phenol‚ the conjugate base is called a phenoxide. Phenol itself has a pKa of about 10‚ but our alcohol has more resonance opportunities‚ so the pKa is down around 8. This is sufficiently acidic for use of weak base like K2CO3 for
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Anna Powell 2nd I.Title: Acid-Base Titrations AP Chemistry Laboratory #6 II.Purpose: The purpose of this experiment is to standardize a sodium hydroxide solution and use the standard solution to titrate an unknown solid acid. The equivalent mass of the solid acid will be determined from the volume of sodium hydroxide added at the equivalence point. The equilibrium constant‚ Ks‚ of the solid acid will be calculated from the titration curve obtained by plotting the pH of the solution versus
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Link reaction The link reaction takes place in the mitochondrial matrix and its main function is to turn the pyruvate into acetate for the kerb cycle. During the link reaction the pyruvate molecule undergoes decarboxylation and dehydrogenation‚ the enzymes pyruvate decarboxylase and pyruvate dehydrogenase remove the carboxyl group (which becomes a carbon dioxide molecule) and removes the hydrogen atoms from the pyruvate molecule. The coenzyme NAD accepts the two hydrogen atoms and becomes reduced
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Abstract – The synthesis of 4-hydroxy-4‚4-diphenylbutn-2-one was a three week multi-step project. The steps involved protecting the ketone of ethyl acetoacetate with a ketal group‚ followed by preparation and reaction with Grignard‚ then purification by extraction and recrystallization. The yield was 78.5%‚ but there are impurities present suggested by 1H-NMR‚ IR‚ and TLC. However‚ the results do indicate the desired hydroxyketone was formed. Introduction: The purpose of this multi-step lab was to synthesize
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