In the reaction mechanism‚ a carboxylic acid‚ m-toluic acid is used to synthesize N‚N-diethyl-m-toluamide‚ also know as DEET‚ through a nucleophilic acyl substitution reaction. The reaction begins by first converting the m-toluic carboxylic acid into an acyl chlorosulfite through a reaction using thionyl chloride. The carboxylic acid is converted into an acyl chloride because the acyl chloride is more reactive. In this step‚ hydrochloric acid is formed from a hydrogen on the carboxylic acid and a
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Organic Farming vs. Conventional Farming There are various reasons of why organic farming is more sustainable than conventional agriculture. Concisely‚ the most important reasons can be explained as under. If we grow food organically‚ it benefits the soil‚ water cycles and biodiversity. The author T. Singh (2004) writes that the Green Revolution technology “has been very successful in achieving spectacular results in food grain production during the last three decades. However‚ signs of fatigue
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Analysis of Hydrocarbons Jessa Grace B. Castillo* and Stephanie Chua Department of Chemistry‚ University of Santo Tomas‚ Manila‚ Philippines ______________________________________________ Hydrocarbons are organic compounds containing only hydrogen and carbons and further divided in major types. Hydrocarbons react differently in reagents. The basis of determining an unknown hydrocarbon is due to the differences in reactions of hydrocarbons. An unknown compound is determined using tests.
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Synthesis of Salicylic Acid from Wintergreen Oil Objective – Preparation of salicylic acid (organic synthesis) from methyl salicylate utilizing previously used procedure from the nineteenth century. The final product will then be evaluated in comparison to salicylic acid made from benzene. Discussion – In this synthesis‚ methyl salicylate is the starting material or precursor and salicylic acid is the target product. It is the major constituent of wintergreen oil. The difference in structures
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The Study of Chemistry * Chemistry is the study of matter and its composition * It is what happens when matter interacts with other matter Chemistry: A Blend of Science and Technology * Scientists develop models‚ conduct experiments and seek patterns * They work on discoveries of other scientists from before * Chemical techniques and processes were invented by early chemists (making medicines‚ growing crops‚ shaping metals‚ glassware‚ distillation) Chemistry‚ Technology‚
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GCSE CHEMISTRY High Demand Questions THE PERIODIC TABLE QUESTIONSHEET 1 The boxes represent particles of different gases. One box shows the particles of elements in group 0 (group 8). A (a) (i) B C D What name is given to group 0 (8) elements? (ii) Name two elements from group 0. ......................................................................................................................................................................... [2] (b) (i) Which box
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In Chemistry there are many chemistry careers a person can pursue in one in particular would be a forensic chemist. Forensic chemistry is the application of chemistry; a forensic chemist can help identify unknown materials found at a crime scene. Forensic chemist has a wide array of methods and instruments to help identify unknown substances. Forensic chemistry is popular all around it is not limited to just one area. Attending college is important to become a forensic chemist and there is what you
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Organic chemistry studies carbon compounds‚ but a few carbon compounds such as carbon monoxide‚ carbon dioxide‚ metal carbonates‚ and carbon disulphide traditionally come under the umbrella of inorganic chemistry. INTRODUCTORY 1. Give the following for the compound propane C3H8: (a) Full structural formula (b) Skeletal formula 2. Draw all the possible isomers of hexane C6H14 and give the name of each. 3. Draw the structural formulae for each of the following alkanes: (a) 2‚2- dimethylbutane
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I. Carbonyl Compounds‚ Enols and Enolates. Some of the most suitable reactions of carbonyl compounds contain carbon hydrogen bonds adjacent to the carbonyl group. Such reactions‚ which can be observed as the strength of much synthetic organic chemistry‚ usually result in the replacement of the hydrogen by some other atom or group‚ as in the H-C-C=O -+ X-C-C=O. Transformation of a carbonyl compound to an enol at a suitable rate typically needs either a basic catalyst or an acidic catalyst and
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Analysis of Hydrocarbons Myra Gurango‚ Geneva Guy‚ Micah Hernandez* and Joyce Lagarde Department of Chemistry‚ University of Santo Tomas‚ Manila‚ Philippines Abstract The organic compounds hexane‚ toluene‚ cyclohexene and naphthalene in hexene were subjected to parallel chemical testing to differentiate their intrinsic physical properties in terms of structure and behavior. The physical state and color were noted by simple physical observation. Nitration Testing was conducted for preliminary
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