Objective: The objective of the lab is to separate the caffeine samples we are using‚ using thin layer chromatography. The solvent we are using for the separation is 3:1 mixture of Chloroform and Acetone. Principle: Thin layer chromatography (TLC) is an important technique that is useful for separating organic compounds. TLC is often used to monitor the progress of organic reactions and to check the purity of products. Separations in Thin layer chromatography involve distributing a mixture of
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CHEM/ENCH 212 EXPERIMENT II: KINETICS OF NUCLEOPHILIC SUBSTITUTION DATE OF SUBMISSION: Table of Contents Experimental Table : Hazardous properties of chemicals used in the experiment.[1] Acetone Irritant. Do not inhale vapors. Highly flammable. 2 chloro‚ 2 methyl propane Flammable. Equipment 1. Conductivity probe 2. Constant temperature water circulation bath 3. Stir-plate with stirring magnets
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Campbell’s Biology‚ 9e (Reece et al.) Chapter 5 The Structure and Function of Large Biological Molecules In Chapter 5‚ the principles of chemistry covered in earlier chapters are applied to the understanding of biological polymers and lipid membranes. The emphasis is on properly linking monomers and their polymers‚ and on the structural and functional diversity of the different polymer types. Particular attention is given to protein structure‚ because this is central to understanding subsequent
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Egg Lab Report Introduction: An egg is a model of a human because the egg has a cell membrane like humans do inside and outside of the body that let things pass through like water. We can use eggs to study the effect of changes in the external environment on the internal environment by having harsh environments like putting the egg in only alcohol and see what happens to the inside of the egg. Diffusion is the movement of a substance down its concentration gradient from a more to a less concentrated
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Introduction Polymers are large macromolecules composed of many small repeating subunits (monomers) connected via covalent bonds. Both natural and synthetic polymers are created via polymerization of these small molecules (Chemistry 144 Writing Assignment information sheet). The chosen polymer‚ polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) in the form of Teflon®‚ is a synthetic fluoropolymer of tetrafluoroethylene (Wikipedia‚ 2015)‚ and is one of the most well-known brand names for PTFE based formulas‚ owned by
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Melting Points Elizabeth McGrail Organic Chemistry I 25 January 2013 ABSTRACT The objectives of this lab are‚ as follows; to understand what occurs at the molecular level when a substance melts; to understand the primary purpose of melting point data; to demonstrate the technique for obtaining the melting point of an organic substance; and to explain the effect of impurities on the melting point of a substance. Through the experimentation of three substances‚ tetracosane‚ 1-tetradecanol and
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lowering the activation energy of the reaction. our body cells depend highly on enzymes to complete many important functions‚ such as digestion and metabolism. Enzymes are selective‚ in which each enzyme can only speed up a specific reaction. There are molecules that enzymes work with called substrates. substrate bind to an area of an enzyme called active site. There is specificity between the enzyme and substrate that react with. When a specific substrate binds to the active site of an enzyme‚ the active
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life. This occurs because of enzymes‚ because all reactions would take place too slowly to sustain life (Jacklet‚ 237). Enzymes are large protein molecules that catalyze specific chemical reactions without being used up in the process. Each enzyme has a region on its surface‚ called the active site‚ which recognizes a specific substrate molecule. The substrate is chemically attached to the active site and binds an enzyme-substrate complex. With the use of a spectrophotometer‚ the absorbance
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Bromination Solo Experiment 3 – Individual Lab Report (Save as pdf and submit‚ due by 12:00 NOON one week after experiment) Last Name: First Name: TA Name: Date Lab Performed: Date Lab Submitted: Group A‚ B‚ or C: Comments for Grading TA: (Please indicate if you performed the lab on a day other than your regularly scheduled day and/or with a TA other than your regular TA). Page Limit: report must not exceed FIVE pages (including this page) LIMIT DOES NOT INCLUDE ANY GRAPHS‚ SPECTRA
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Separating Substances: Identifying Food Dyes with TLC Background The color of food is an integral part of our culture and enjoyment of life. Who would deny the mouth-watering appeal of a deep-pink strawberry ice cream on a hot summer’s day or a golden Thanksgiving turkey garnished with fresh green parsley? Even early civilizations such as the Romans recognized that people "eat with their eyes" as well as their palates. Saffron and other spices were often used to provide a rich yellow color
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