Introduction The purpose of this experiment is to synthesize methyl nitrobenzoate from methyl benzoate‚ concentrated HNO3‚ and concentrated H2SO4 via an electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction. Reaction Procedures/ Observations Use a 50 ml beaker to cool about 6 ml of concentrated sulfuric acid in an ice water bath. Weigh the vial containing about 3 grams of methyl benzoate and add it to the cooled sulfuric acid. Next pour about 2 ml of sulfuric acid to the nitric acid in the vial
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14 may be a possible EEC. Moreover‚ the calculated compensation temperature by inverting the straight line slope‚ T comp = 57.9 ºC‚ is higher than the average experimental value‚ T exp = 32.5 ºC. This great difference between these two values of temperatures might reflect the existence of real EEC rather than experimental error [58]. Another evidence of EEC is the approximate constant ∆G # with a significant change in both ∆H # and ∆S # . Finally‚ EEC was also investigated by using
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The data we collected and the calculations we performed demonstrated that the color of a given food dye depended on which light was transmitted in the visible spectrum and which light was absorbed. A quantitative measurement of the absorbance spectrum of each food dye was obtained through spectrophotometry.1 Through this method‚ we determined that the wavelength of maximum absorbance of a given food dye was directly correlated to the color of that food dye. Further‚ darker food dyes absorbed more
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In HEPES buffer at pH 7.0‚ the CA-2Pb2+ formation resulted in a distinct color change from red to blue‚ accompanied by a remarkable bathochromic shift from 527 nm with a shoulder at 558 nm to 605 nm in the absorption spectrum [28]. Since there have been some reports on the complex formation between Cys and Pb2+ in an aqueous solution [30‚ 31]‚ the sensing selectivity of CA-2Pb2+ toward Cys was investigated by absorption spectroscopy. The color changes and absorption spectral study of CA-2Pb2+ (50
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SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL (#2000-0709) SOAP FROM NUTMEG: AN INTEGRATED INTRODUCTORY ORGANIC CHEMISTRY LABORATORY EXPERIMENT Marcio C.S. de Mattos and David E. Nicodem Departamento de Química Orgânica‚ Instituto de Química‚ Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro‚ Caixa Postal 68545 21945-970‚ Rio de Janeiro‚ Brazil 1) Written material used by students 2) Instructor notes 3) Chemical abstract registry number of chemicals 1) Written material used by students Soaps
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The importance of chemistry‚ or any other area of study‚ depends entirely on how relevant it is to some desired outcome. If you wished to create a new type of plastic‚ chemistry would be highly important‚ but if you wished to develop a new music genre‚ chemistry would probably be of no importance at all. It is extremely important. That aspirin or tylenol you may take for a headache was made by chemists‚ as are antibiotics‚ and other prescription meds. Not only are chemists in the drug trade‚ but
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Experiment #1: Synthesis of Salicylic Acid From Wintergreen Oil By: Asad Razzaq TA: Date: 18/01/2015 222/Lab Section 8 Introduction Salicylic acid‚ used in production of substances used worldwide such as commonly used analgesic drug aspirin(cite)‚ can be obtained from natural resources such as wintergreen oil or can be synthesized. Through a series of chemical reactions with cheap raw materials beginning with beginning with methyl salicylate and‚ it is a cheaper and more
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Marisol Camacho AP Chemistry Per. 1-2 10/31/12 Titration Lab Titrations are a very useful method of discovering the amount or concentration of unknown substances. The method is very well suited towards acid-base reactions. Titrations are often used in industry to analyze products to be sold. In this lab‚ standardizations will be done in the first two experiments and then titration analysis in the third. Standardization of a base (NaOH) using a primary standard (KHP) Standardization
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EXTRACTION Organic Chemistry Laboratory This experiment was conducted in order to compare single and multiple extraction of caffeine from dried tea leaves and to calculate the percentage yield of caffeine for both extraction procedures. The group was assigned to do the multiple extraction. Before the extraction proper‚ the water bath containing the anhydrous sodium carbonate and distilled water was heated. As the sodium carbonate dissolves‚ tea leaves were added in the mixture and allowed to
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hydrocarbons INTRODUCTION: organic chemistry Organic chemistry is the chemistry of compounds that contain carbon and hydrogen. The element carbon has a special role in chemistry because it bonds with other carbon atoms to give a vast array of molecules. The varity of molecules is so great that we find organic compounds in many common products we use‚ such as gasoline‚ medicines‚ shampoos‚ plastic bottles‚ and perfumes. The food we eat is composed of different organic compounds that supply us with
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