to reflect the higher production costs and extra value added features provided for the consumer. Differentiation is about charging a premium price that more than covers the additional production costs‚ and about giving customers clear reasons to prefer the product over the other‚ less differentiated products. For the company to be able to outperform its competitors and earn above average returns‚ the price charged for the differentiated product must exceed the cost of differentiation. Companies that
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manufacturing cost categories. LO2 Distinguish between product costs and period costs and give examples of each. including calculation of the cost of goods sold. LO4 Prepare a schedule of cost of goods manufactured. LO5 Understand the differences between variable costs and fixed costs. LO6 Understand the differences between direct and indirect costs. LO7 Define and give examples of cost classifications used in making decisions: differential costs‚ opportunity costs‚ and sunk costs. LO8
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serving meal‚ mileage point‚ or lounge etc. Which attracts newcomer customers who sensitive in price. AirAsia’s competitive advantages are comprised of both Cost Leadership and Differentiation with clear market positioning and brand image. Start from Acquisition from Malaysian government‚ Tony Fernandes restructured business model to be low-cost embedded down to corporate’s core similarly to the success LCC in the western. For example‚ acquired all new Airbus320-200 fleets‚ targeting on secondary airports
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11 Allocation of Joint Costs and Accounting for By-Product/Scrap Objectives After completing this chapter‚ you should be able to answer the following questions: LO.1 LO.2 LO.3 LO.4 LO.5 How are the outputs of a joint process classified? What management decisions must be made before beginning a joint process? How is the joint cost of production allocated to joint products? How are by-product and scrap accounted for? How should not-for-profit organizations account for the cost of a joint activity?
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different quality material from standard; Buying materials from a non‑usual source due to urgency; Utilising different labour from standard; Price changes due to economic conditions; scarcity of supplies; Choosing to incur additional discretionary fixed costs; More (or less) overtime hours used than budgeted. 2. Efficiency/usage/quantity variances: Standard is out of date‚ set without due care; Inefficient use of material/labour‚ deliberate or otherwise; Poor supervision/equipment/maintenance.Changes
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COST CLASSIFICATION CONCEPT OF COST: DEFINITION: A SACRIFICE OR GIVING UP OF RESOURCES FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE FREQUENTLY MEASURED BY THE MONETARY UNITS (RUPEES‚ DOLLARS) THAT MUST BE PAID FOR GOODS AND SERVICES . ➢ EMPHASIS ON COST INFORMATION: MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTANTS PAY A LOT OF ATTENTION TO COSTS BECAUSE COST HAVE A VITAL ROLE TO PLAY IN PLANNING ‚ EVALUATING AND DECISION MAKING. FOR EXAMPLE IN PLANNING THE ROUTE AND FLIGHT SCHEDULES THE MANAGER OF AN AIR LINE MUST CONSIDER
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costing are those where overhead costs are a _________ percentage of total product cost and where there is ___________ diversity among the various products that they produce. A) low‚ little B) low‚ considerable C) high‚ little D) high‚ considerable 17. Would factory security and assembly activities be best classified at an appliance manufacturing plant as unit-level‚ batch-level‚ product-level‚ or organization-sustaining? | |Security
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service carrier until the low cost carrier‚ no one can avoided the competition‚ it’s about competing or die. Low Cost Carrier in airline industry begin more famous start since 36 year ago by southwest airline‚ which now is the third largest airline in the world. AirAsia from Malaysia that start their operation in 1996 and transform their carrier into Low Cost carrier in 2001 after bought by Tony Fernandes. Not just AirAsia also Tiger Air from Singapore come with their Low Cost Carrier‚ and also Lion
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Each and every person has the potential and free choice to pursue a career as an entrepreneur. ANS: T PTS: 1 NAT: AACSB Reflective Thinking | Motivation Concepts KEY: pg 29 2. The generation of the 21st century may become known as generation E because they are becoming the most entrepreneurial generation since the Industrial Revolution. ANS: T PTS: 1 NAT: AACSB Reflective Thinking | Motivation Concepts KEY: pg 29 3. Determining a person’s “entrepreneurial
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COST OF PRODUCTION CONTENTS 1. Introduction 2. Types of costs 3.1 Opportunity‚ implicit and explicit costs 3.2 Fixed and variable costs 3.3 Average costs 3. Types of cost curves 4.4 Marginal cost curve 4.5 Average cost curves 4. Costs in Short run and in the Long run 5.6 Short run 5.7 Long run 5.8 Economies of scale 5. Cost analysis in the real world 6.9 Economies of scope 6.10 Experiential
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