107-051-1 MITSURU MISAWA OSG CORPORATION: HEDGING TRANSACTION EXPOSURE On Monday‚ April 24th 2006‚ the US dollar fell to a new three-month low against the yen of ¥114.30/$ in Tokyo’s foreign exchange market‚ the lowest rate since January 16th 2006. This was a reflection of trading in New York three days earlier‚ on Friday‚ where the dollar had fallen more than 1.75% against the yen. The depreciation of the dollar against the yen was a direct result of a meeting of the G7 in Washington D.C. on April
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Transaction exposure The transaction exposure component of the foreign exchange rates is also referred to as a short-term economic exposure. This relates to the risk attached to specific contracts in which the company has already entered that result in foreign exchange exposures. A company may have a transaction exposure if it is either on the buy side or sell side of a business transaction. Any transaction that leads to an inflow or outflow of a foreign currency results in a transaction exposure
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financial risk management. Hedging enables firms to maintain their access to internal funds as well as reduces the costs of financial distress. The theoretical framework offers‚ however‚ few tools for currency risk identification and for choosing a proper hedging instrument. This Thesis seeks to help firms manage risks better by defining the currency risk exposures of a multinational corporation‚ by describing their effects on the cash flows‚ profit and loss and balance sheet of the corporation as well
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! Case Study 6 Foreign exchange hedging strategies at General Motors: Transactional and translational exposures ! General Motors (GM) was the largest automaker in the world‚ and the unit sales in 2001 was 8.5 million vehicles which occupied 15.1% of the total vehicle market. With the expansion through the world‚ GM faced more risk in the foreign exchange (FX). In other world‚ it would create gains or losses due to the changes in FX rate. According to the exhibit 2 and exhibit 3‚ Latin
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Hogan Plc. Discussion You have receivables of AUD 28 million (to be paid in 3 months) You need to identify the most appropriate strategy to be used in hedging the transaction exposures. Choose between: i. Forward market hedge ii. Money market hedge iii. Options hedging Strategy 1: hedging using forward contract Because Hogan will receive AUD in 6-months‚ their concern is that they’ll have to convert the AUD to less USD. 1) Today‚ Hogan buys a forward contract to sell AUD (they’ll receive in 6 months)
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Eun & Resnick 4e CHAPTER 8 Management of Transaction Exposure Three Types of Exposure Forward Market Hedge Money Market Hedge Options Market Hedge Hedging Foreign Currency Payables Forward Contracts Money Market Instruments Currency Options Contracts Cross-Hedging Minor Currency Exposure Hedging Contingent Exposure Hedging Recurrent Exposure with Swap Contracts Hedging through Invoice Currency Hedging via Lead and Lag Exposure Netting International Finance in Practice:
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Transaction‚ Operating‚ & Accounting (Translation) Exposures Foreign Exchange Exposure – measures the potential for a firm’s profitability‚ net cash flow‚ and market value to alter because of a change in exchange rates. Q: What are the three main foreign exchange exposures? A: 1) Transaction Exposure 2) Operating Exposure 3) Accounting Exposure Transaction Exposure – measures changes in the value of outstanding financial obligations incurred prior to a change in exchange rates.
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OSG CORPORATION: HEDGING TRANSACTION EXPOSURE (provided as a separate file) Assignment questions 1. Explain non-hedging techniques for OSG to minimize transaction exposure‚ if any. 2. What are the costs of alternatives for reducing short term foreign currency risk? Assume OSG has an account receivable of US$1 million. Use the information provided in Appendix 1 for this account payable case of US$1 million to a US company. Which of the possible hedging methods presented in the case should
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What is Systemic Risk? Systemic risk is the risk that the entire financial market will collapse‚ this is the opposite of risk being linked to any specific individual entity‚ group or component of a system. Systemic risk is a constant problem even when dealing with a portfolio which is very well-diversified. It is the risk that changes in the financial system can possibly result in a failure or breakdown of this system and trigger major damages to the real economy. Such changes can come from the
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foreign exchange hedging has a crucial importance for the company because it provides protection against different types of risk that derive from its activity. In order to reduce risk‚ the company is using two hedging derivatives: forward contracts and put options to sell dollars. The aim of the paper is to determine an appropriate hedging policy which answers two main questions: how much to hedge‚ and in what proportions of forwards versus options. First‚ a description of the exposure of the company
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