City University of Hong Kong Dept. of Physics & Materials Science AP2104 Mechanics of Solids Laboratory Manual Experiment 1 Pure Bending of a Beam Experiment 2 Torsional Deformations Experiment 3 Yield Criteria for Ductile Materials under Plane Stresses Experiment 1 Pure Bending of a Beam Objective 1. To examine the stresses at various positions of the beam under a constant load of pure bending. 2. To determine the curvature of deflection of the beam. Introduction
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plant and animal cells are placed in a hypotonic environment‚ osmosis will occur. The structure of these cells determines the response to the difference in gradient‚ whether this be lysis (the explosion of cells due to the sudden increase in water pressure within the cell) in animal cells or turgor pressure (the pressure created by the increase in water pressure within the cell) in plant cells. Turgor pressure prevents further osmosis‚ which causes the water potential outside the cell to be lower
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with a diffuser and stilling materials at the bottom to provide a constant head of water to be discharged through a bellmouth entry to the flow visualisation pipe. Flow through this pipe is regulated using a control valve at the discharge end. The water flow rate through the pipe can be measured using the volumetric tank (or measuring cylinder) of a Hydraulics Bench. Velocity of the water can therefore be determined to allow for the calculation of Reynolds’ number. A dye injection system is installed
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The Effects of Individuals’ Detection of Changes in Images on Reaction Time Abstract The purpose of this current study was to examine how individuals detected or noticed change when viewing images on their level of attentiveness. The experiment consisted of 22 participants who had to detect change across conditions for 20 minutes. These conditions were importance of change (marginal and central) and change type (color‚ location and disappearance and reappearance of images). These
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different pH buffers to amylase affect the rate of starch digestion measured using starch and iodine? Introduction Amylase is an enzyme found in human saliva and pancreas. It is the digestive enzyme that is needed to breakdown starch molecules. Amylase must be kept at certain conditions to function at its optimum level. This experiment will explore the effect of pH (1‚ 4‚ 7‚ 10‚ and 14) on the function of amylase by using starch and iodine. Usually iodine has a orange-yellow color‚ but iodine
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Limiting Reagent and Percent Yield Aim To determine the limiting reagent between the reaction of lead (II) nitrate and potassium iodide. To determine the percent yield of lead (II) iodide. Date Started: 13/4/12. Finished: 19/4/12. Data collection and processing Measurements: * Amount of distilled water: 75.0ml ± 0.5ml. * Mass of watch glass: 31.65g ± 0.01g. * Mass of watch glass + potassium iodide: 32.45g ± 0.01g. * Mass of potassium iodide: 0.8g ± 0.02g. * Mass of watch
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(gained or lost) an electron (Pick one) 18. When a cation bonds with an anion‚ that bond is referred to as a/an _ionic_ bond. 19. Circle the molecules that are classified as compounds (H‚ H2‚ H2O‚ C6H12O6‚ N2) 20. Find the name for each element using the periodical
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truss becomes internally statically indeterminate. In this case the truss is termed statically overdeterminate. The SE 110.22 experimental set-up permits investigation and comparison of statically determinate and statically indeterminate trusses. Using the bars and node discs‚ a statically determinate‚ single plane truss is first constructed. On installation of a surplus bar the truss becomes overdeterminate. By way of a load application device‚ straight or inclined forces are applied to the truss
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Introduction Osmosis is the movement of water from a region of higher concentration ( hypertonic ) to a region of lower concentration ( hypotonic solution ) through a cell membrane or other semi-permeable membrane until an equilibrium is reached. It is a special case of diffusion called “ passive transport “ which means no energy is required. Diffusion is the movement of a substance by which the molecules move from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration. Aim
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Reaction between Iron(III) Nitrate and Sodium Hydroxide. 2. Take two cylinders and fill one (full) with sodium hydroxide solution and other with Iron(III) nitrate solution. 3. Pour suitable amount (around 50 ml) of sodium hydroxide from the cylinder using a funnel into a Erlenmeyer flask. 4. Take a test tube and fill it half with the iron(III) nitrate solution from the cylinder with the use of a funnel. 5. Place the test tube containing iron(III) nitrate solution into the Erlenmeyer flask containing
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