\section{Introduction} \subsection{Background} The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is essential to numerous key human functions‚ in particular‚ expression of emotion‚ chewing‚ swallowing and speech. Generally considered a load bearing joint‚ the TMJ is prone to a range of disorders due to structural and/or positional abnormalities \cite{Tanaka2008}. Research conducted in the 1980s showed that 16\% to 59\% of those tested‚ suffered symptoms and 33\% to 86\% showed clinical signs \cite{Carl}. The most
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Osteomyelitis What once was considered an incurable condition‚ osteomyelitis is inflammation of bone‚ bone marrow‚ and the soft tissue surrounding the bone caused by infection. The infection can start in the bone by spreading from nearby tissue or traveling through the bloodstream. This infection can also develop in the bone itself if the bone is exposed to germs in any way. Osteomyelitis can be classified as chronic or acute and the treatment for both depends on many factors (“Osteomyelitis”‚ 2014)
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Shoulder instability has multiple causes. There are three types of shoulder instability: small‚ unnoticeable amounts of joint slippage‚ subluxation (drop arm) and full joint dislocation. As time passes‚ individuals may experience a combination of these events‚ which causes repeated incidents of shoulder instability. Shoulder Dislocation A dislocated shoulder is the most obvious form of shoulder instability. This type of injury is usually caused by some kind of violent event (e.g.‚ a sports-related
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Kaitlyn is a tennis player‚ she had a big match today. When she began to play‚ everything was going fine until she ran for the ball and ended up slipping on her shoes‚ and fell on her outstretched hand. She used her arm to support her from hitting the floor and she ended up fracturing her wrist. She immediately felt pain‚ had swelling‚ and her wrist looked deformed. She immediately went to the emergency room and the doctor took an x-ray. The doctor identified which bone she had fractured‚ and it
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Hyperparathyroidism occurs as a result of too much parathyroid hormone being produced by the parathyroid glands. The parathyroid hormone acts to balance the calcium level in the blood and in tissues that need calcium to function properly. When the calcium level increases‚ it will cause symptoms that point to hyperparathyroidism. The extra calcium in the blood comes from the bones so fractures can occur. Blood work as well as bone density scanning will be used to diagnose hyperparathyroidism. Treatment
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Osteogenesis Imperfecta: Brittle Bone Disease Sami Gizara Lakeland High School Honors Biology Block 6 March 10‚ 2013 Current Applications in Science Abstract (Summary and Background) Osteogenesis Imperfecta was a severe‚ congenital genetic disorder which can cause the human bones to be extremely delicate. This disease is caused by a mutation(whether it be deletion or duplication) in chromosome 17q21‚ 31-q22‚ 7q22.1‚ which are the chromosomes that help the body produce the proteins
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Case 02 H&P Examination Patient: Emma Parker PCP: Sherman Loyd‚ MD Hospital: 11259 Room: 444 Date of admission: 09/25/2015 ADMITTING DIAGNOSIS Acute intertrochanteric fracture of right hip. The history below was obtained from the patient and physical examination was performed with her stated verbal understanding and consent. She was alert & oriented x 3 with reasonable thought content. She understood questions well and was in no acute distress. CHIEF COMPLAINT Right hip injury. HISTORY
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Classification Current preference in terminology is to use open rather than compound to denote a fracture with an overlying wound. GustilloAnderson \classification (1) The prevalence of wound infection and nonunion increases with increasing grade of open fracture. The Gustillo Anderson classification of open fractures looks at several aspects of the injury not just the size of the wound. • Prescence or absence of neurovascular injury • Degree of contamination (farmyard injuries are grade
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The 5 Regions 1. The proximal epiphysis is the growing over. It’s the top part of the bone; every other part of the bone is in between the proximal and distal. 2. The metaphases epiphyseal are the mature bones were the diaphysis joins the epiphyseal in the growth plate while the bone is still growing. 3. The main part of the bone is called the diaphysisit it is in the midsection of a long bone. It typically contains bone marrow. 4. The metaphysic is a growing bone when it stops growing the cartilage
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Facet Syndrome Facet syndrome is a condition in which joints (facet joints) that connect the bones of the spine (vertebrae) become damaged. Facet joints help the spine move‚ and they usually wear down (degenerate) or become inflamed as you age. This can cause pain and stiffness in the neck (cervical facet syndrome) or in the lower back (lumbar facet syndrome). When a facet joint becomes damaged‚ a vertebra may slip forward‚ out of its normal place in the spine. Damage to a facet joint can also
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