Dosekun Introduction In this essay‚ I argue against the popular notion that feminism or feminists are ‘unAfrican’‚ and instead argue for why feminism has a necessary role to play on the African continent today. The claim or argument that ‘feminism is not African’ is certainly not new. It is a claim to which I have been explicitly or implicitly subjected by other Africans as I have come to consciousness as a feminist‚ while still assuming‚ naturally‚ that I can still identify as an African. One of
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Media Representation 1 Objective: * To understand the mature of representations and stereotypes * Bea able to apply concepts learned to the relationship between representation and ideology as the apply to gender * Socially constructed : We construct the social Representation * Communication is achieved through shared signs and symbols e.g. language * The media communicate with their audiences through a process of representation by using familiar signs and symbols. * The
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But‚ I noticed in another text‚ (“Intersections of Race‚ Class‚ Gender‚ and Crime”) by Amanda Burgess-Proctor‚ she explains different types of feminism/feminist criminology that intersect gender‚ race‚ and class. She believes multiracial feminism will guarantee a better future for women in criminology/criminal justice. I argue that feminist criminology has come a long way/evolved with the 3 waves/eras of feminism‚ the different types of feminism‚ and multiracial feminism. • 3 waves/eras of feminism:
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come to terms with the glass ceiling. Study participants identified five factors contributing to the glass ceiling‚ as well as a number of strategies women can use to overcome the glass ceiling. I examine the findings from both a radical feminist and liberal feminist perspective. Recommendations for educators‚ students‚ and practitioners are included in this study‚ as are some comments from the 27 women who worked as managers in both agency and corporate environments. In 1991 U.S. Labor Secretary
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being serious‚ grown up‚ responsible – which is an opposite to white understanding of black women. Walker somehow implies that black women are superior to white women because of black folk tradition. Also Walker´s much cited phrase “womanist is to feminist as
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twenty-first century wealthy white elites are similarly indifferent to the conditions of the black poor. Other forms of oppression originate from white feminists themselves. Radical feminist‚ Audre Lorde‚ attacks the underlying racism within feminism in her article‚ “The Master’s Tools Will Never Dismantle the Master’s House.” She asserts that feminists advocate the “mere tolerance of difference” between women instead of addressing or even caring about the
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and woe-men: Feminist Aesthetics‚ theatre practice and the Democratic process in Nigeria’ To Alice walker (1989) search of our mother’s Gender: A woman’s Prose [Nv:HB] Books Biodun Ajayi (1993) “Feminism: A lost battle an article of August 24‚ 1993. Elaine showalter (1979) ‘A Literature of their own’. Towards a feminist poetics. Femi O.A. (1983) Female writers‚ Male critics in African Literature Today: Recent trends in the Novel: Heinemann London. Olu Obafemi (1994) ‘Towards feminist Aesthetics in
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of feminist theory is the making of a distinction between "sex" and "gender"‚ a distinction that has subsequently been developed differently by different strands of feminist thought. We begin with the basic distinction that is made‚ and its significance. A brief discussion follows on how the rigid male /female opposition is specific to modernity and to western cultures. We then look at four different ways in which the sex/gender distinction has been complicated by different kinds of feminist theory
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Third-wave feminism the movement thriving into the 21st century By Susan Graham The Second-Wave Damage and repairs in the next decade • Third-wave feminism refers to several diverse strains of feminist activity and study‚ whose exact boundaries in the history of feminism are a subject of debate‚ but are generally marked as beginning in the early 1990s and continuing to the present. The movement arose partially as a response to the perceived failures of and backlash against initiatives and movements
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by contemporary feminist groups in the world today is the existence of a phenomenon called the “Glass Ceiling” (the GC). The essence of this theory is that of an apparent existence of an imaginary suppressing factor at a high hierarchical level prohibiting the upward rise of women along the scalar chain. Supporters of this theory‚ attribute its existence to the rising and chronic structural discrimination against women as a gender in favour of men. More often than not‚ this theory is used as an excuse
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