UNIT 14 THE BRITISH COLONIAL STATE Structu’re 14.1 14.2 14.3 14.4 Introduction Nature of the Colonial State The Political Economy of the Colonial State . Instmments of Control 14.4.1 14.4.2 14.4.3 14.4.4 The Colonial Military Apparatus The Police Organisation The Judiciary and Law The Bureaucracy - The Steel Frame of the Raj 14.5 14.6 14.7 14.8 Sources of Legitimation Summary Glossary Exercises 14.1 INTRODUCTION The political structure ~ h i c h evolved in India under the British
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and traditions that were systematically degraded under colonialism. 3) Revising history Colonizers often depicted their colonial subjects as existing “outside of history” in unchanging‚ timeless societies‚ unable to progress or develop without their intervention and assistance. In this way‚ they justified their actions‚ including violence against those who resisted colonial rule. Revising history to tell things from the perspective of
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The Theme of Quest Explored in “Araby” and Atonement In James Joyce’s “Araby and Ian McEwan’s Atonement both authors express that that the characters mature and grow through quests. In Joyce’s “Araby” the boy goes on a quest to the bazaar to meet Managan’s sisters whom he is very interested in. However‚ because he is a young boy and does not leave his much‚ and has no source of income there are limitations on his freedom‚ which ultimately affect his quest. In McEwan’s Atonement Briony goes through
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1) Compare and contrast the views of Dualism‚ Materialism‚ and Idealism. Dualism is a view that what exists is either physical or mental‚ and spirtual for some things like humans. It views the mind as nonphysical substance and a human as physical and a mental component which is the mind. Materialism is a view that focus on the physical.This view believes that only the physical exist. This theory believes if the object is not in motion it is not real. Idealsism is a view that believes in only
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language to interpret and understand the complexities of our own social system‚ it follows that ways of speaking about specific ideas and beliefs are instrumental in the formation and manipulation of ideologies in such a system. In the context of Othello‚ Moor of Venice‚ discourse around gender works to both reinforce and challenge the dominant assumptions of patriarchal society through the marginalisation and empowerment of primary female characters. The Elizabethan era marked an interesting
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response to Othello has been completely shaped by Shakespeare ’s characterization of Othello. The themes and ideas that Shakespeare tried to convey through the play are all done through the characterization of his characters. Othello is predominantly a traditional Shakespearean tragedy shadowed with post-colonial aspects. This view is supported and demonstrated through the characterization of Othello in Othello. Through Othello ’s characterization you are able to tell that Othello is a tragic hero
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Iago has a reputation for honesty‚ for reliability and direct speaking. Othello and others in the play constantly refer to him as "honest Iago." He has risen through the ranks in the army by merit and achievement‚ and Othello‚ whose military judgment is excellent‚ has taken him as ancient (captain) because of his qualities. In Iago‚ Shakespeare shows us a character who acts against his reputation. Possibly Iago was always a villain and confidence trickster who set up a false reputation for honesty
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In Shakespeare’s tragedy ‘Othello’‚ the audience experiences a definite sense of sexism which roots from numerous characters in the play. Sexism is behaviour which is abusive or discriminatory towards the opposite sex. Throughout ‘Othello’‚ women are abusively spoken to being called “strumpets” and “whore[s]” and accused of all sorts of crimes which they did not commit. There are only three women in the play and each one is portrayed as either being innocent‚ naïve and unintelligent or as a prostitute
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extended by Sax to highlight issue of a continual prevalence of racism in the 20th century. The characterisation of Othello‚ in Shakespeare’s text‚ as a dark skinned but respected general‚ accentuates his alienation from the rest of the society despite his position‚ thus rejecting the ideology of providentialism and the Great Chain of Being at the time. The audience is introduced to Othello as “he” or “him”‚ unnamed until Act I Scene iii‚ consequently degrading and distancing him from the rest
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One of the original 13 colonies‚ Pennsylvania was named and founded by William Penn as a place to go for his friends. Philadelphia combined the Greek words for love (phileo) and brother (adelphos)‚ engendering its nickname of “the city of brotherly love.” .Pennsylvania’s capital‚ Philadelphia‚ was the site of the first and second Continental Congresses in 1774 and 1775 .Now the largest city in Pennsylvania‚ Philadelphia served as the nation’s capital from 1790 until a permanent capital was established
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