According to Bowlby‚ attachment is an innate and adaptive behaviour because it increases our chances of survival. Attachment takes place during a sensitive period (up to 2.5 years). The child forms an attachment which is qualitatively the same than other attachments this is called monotropy. This primary attachment provides a secure base to which the child can return when frightened. 2 mistakes The primary attachment also provides a template which the child uses to guide future attachments‚ continuity
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put forward different explanations of attachment‚ such as learning theory and Bowlby’s theory. Outline and evaluate one or more explanations of attachment One explanation of attachment is Bowlby’s theory who described attachment as "lasting psychological connectedness between human beings" Bowlby believed that the earliest bonds formed by children with their caregivers have a tremendous impact that continues throughout life. According to Bowlby‚ attachment also serves to keep the infant close
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Outline the learning theory explanation of attachments. The learning theory proposes that attachment behaviours are learnt through the imitation of the attachment figures meaning they are not innate. One explanation of how this happens is through Classical Conditioning. In the Learning Theory Classical Conditioning is the forming of an attachment through association. The Learning Theory states that when a baby is born they naturally want food. When the mother feeds the baby it automatically associates
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Outline and evaluate learning theory as an explanation of attachment. Classical conditioning - Before attachment is learned‚ the infant gains pleasure through being fed. Food is the unconditioned stimulus and pleasure is the unconditioned response. When the infant is being fed‚ the infant associates the person providing the food with the food. The primary caregiver is the neutral stimulus‚ which becomes associated with food (the unconditioned stimulus). When the attachment has been learned
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Attachment Theory Bowlby’s description for attachment theory as a means for significant affectionate attachment bonds‚ created between people‚ where many types of emotional distress and personal diagnoses can be formed when this bond is lacking and/or separation is present or loss occurs (Berry & Danquah‚ 2015; Bowlby‚ 1977). This significance is developed from infancy between infants and their primary caregivers. This time period and proper attachment is pivotal in the development of a person’s
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learning theory has two main concepts to help explain attachment formation. One concept is operant conditioning which explains attachment formation through a reinforced response. When an infant gets food its discomfort from its hunger will become happiness. The infant will now associate the happiness with food and so the food becomes the primary reinforcer. The person feeding the infant will also become associated with the happiness and becomes the secondary reinforce and an attachment will be formed
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Ethological Theory: Development of Attachment Phases Krystle Garcia Excelsior College This paper was prepared for Lifespan Development Psychology taught by Doctor Peggy Lauria. Abstract John Bowlby was a psychoanalyst who believed that mental health and behavior problems could be attributed to early childhood. This paper goes over Bowlby’s development of attachment during the first 2 years of life. This paper will be discussing the four phases of attachment which are: Pre-attachment phase
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According to Feldman (2008)‚ the emotional bond that develops between a child and a certain individual is referred to as attachment. In nonhumans‚ this process begins in the first days of life with “imprinting‚” which is essentially the infant’s readiness to learn (Lorenz‚ 1957‚ as cited in Feldman‚ 2008‚ p.89). The bond is facilitated by mother-child physical contact during imprinting. A similar phenomenon is observed between human mothers and their newborns‚ which is why mother’s are strongly encouraged
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| Attachment Theory | 7th June 2010 | | By Sandra Thomas | | | Q1. Explain the development of attachment in infants. [Criteria 1.1 & 1.2)(500 words) (You are expected to consider the original explanation given by Bowlby and the alternative explanation by Schaffer and Emerson. I.e. Monotrophy vs. Multiple attachment and the stages as described by Bowlby) 529 words John Bowlby believed that in the early stages of child development the maternal relationship was the basis
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Outline and Evaluate research into Cultural Variation in attachment If attachment is a biological innate process‚ as Bowlby’s theory suggests‚ then secure attachment should be the best form for all humans regardless of variations in culture. However‚ there is much research against this statement‚ making us question whether attachment is or is not a biological innate process at all. Studies such as Ainsworth’s Uganda research support Bowlby’s theory. She observed how infants in Uganda‚ like in
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