Theory Outline Tiffany Woods PCN-500 August 8‚ 2012 Theory Outline 1. Theory: Psychoanalytical Theory a. Key Concepts i. There is a focus on unconscious psychodynamics. ii. Individuals pay attention to repressed information. iii. In therapy‚ the therapist and client work to build the ego to moderate ID and superego. iv. The client works on establishing transference. He/she will tell the counselor what has caused the difficulties and the therapist
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The Psychodynamic Theory‚ or psychoanalytic as it is also referred to‚ stresses the influence of unconscious forces on human behavior. It is the systematized study and theory of the psychological forces that underlie human behavior‚ emphasizing the interplay between unconscious and conscious motivation (Gallop & Reynolds 2004). Its roots focus on the roles of unconscious sexual and aggressive impulses as a motive for choice and self-direction. The theory presents itself as our way of trying to balance
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Evolutionary psychologists believe that aggression is linked through genes and has been maintained biologically as people have adapted to the changing physical and social demands of the environment. In the past‚ males that found other mates desirable found it necessary to compete with other males. The most successful male was the most aggressive. This aggressive behaviour made sure that the fittest males survived and were more successful in securing mates and passing on their genetic fitness to their
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The crime cause are best explains by Psychological and social process theory. The principal of psychological theory is behaviorism. This theory cause that the human conducts oneself becomes more mature through our daily learning experiences. The rate at which something occurs of any behavior including criminal or deviant behavior can be increased or decreased through reward or punishment. Also including personality disturbances and diseases of the mind. In behaviorists view crimes as learned responses
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Outline and evaluate restoration theory as an explanation of the function of sleep (8+16 marks) Sleep is believed to function as a means of restoring the biological system to a better working order this is the basis of the restoration theory‚ Sleep is divided into several different stages such as SWS‚ and REM sleep‚ Oswald proposed that each of these sleep stages has a different restorative function. SWS enables the body to repair itself and REM enables brain recovery and memory consolidation
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Outline and evaluate research into Conformity as an explanation of Human Social Behaviour “Conforming” is when a person changes the way they act and think to fit in with the majority of people in a group to gain acceptance. Kelman (1958) said that there are 3 types of conformity‚ Compliance‚ which means going along with others to gain approval and avoid rejection and accepting the group view in public but not private. Identification is conforming to someone who is liked and respected and Internalisation
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Outline and assess the main theories of aggression Aggression is an act of hostility with deliberate intention to harm another person against his or her will. Some psychologists believe that aggression is an important aspect of our evolutionary ancestry and it is understood better in that context‚ whereas others believe that aggression is best explained in physiological terms e.g. the imbalance of hormones or neurotransmitters in the brain. There are many definitions used to explain why humans/
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Psychological Egoism Psychological egoism‚ as a doctrine‚ refers to the notion and ideology that people tend to act and behave in ways that are purposed to fulfill their needs and wishes (Fiester‚ 2012). Generally‚ this point of view endeavors to highlight that most‚ if not all‚ human actions are actuated by rather self-motivated desires that are not easily noticeable. As such‚ it is unequivocal to expound that the proponents of psychological egoism do not advocate or advance for the fact that some
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Behaviourism Psychological Theories Operant Conditioning Operant Conditioning is a type of learning which is modified due to the consequences of something that happens. This learning theory is based around a theory created by Skinner. Skinner invented a chamber where he kept pigeons and rats. In order for his theory to be successful the animals had to perform simple responses‚ Skinner recorded their responses by a graph monitor‚ the details that he recorded were how many times they responded correctly
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understand the different theories and sub-theories of crime. Throughout criminology there are many theories that help to understand crime. The theories of crime give a more intimate perspective on why people commit the crimes they do. The crime that the person commits is connected to the criminal and the theory to give and understanding on why the criminal decided to disobey the law. One of the many theories that help understand the criminal is the Psychological Theory.
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