The social learning theory is based on operant conditioning which suggests that children learn to be aggressive by observing the behaviour of those around them‚ particularly the behaviour of significant others‚ such as parents or elder siblings. By seeing others being rewarded or punished for their behaviour‚ the child experiences vicarious reinforcement. From these models‚ children therefore learn about the nature of aggressive behaviour‚ the situations it is appropriate and its likely consequences
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Outline and Evaluate one or more explanations of why people obey It has been found by Milgram that people obey for four main reasons these are; legitimate authority‚ the momentum of compliance‚ the agentic shift and passivity. The first reason that Milgram found that people obey is because people feel like they have to obey someone if they have a high social status or a highly respected job‚ this is called legitimate authority. Bickman (1974) supported this theory by doing an experiment on the
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Outline key features of the evolutionary perspective explanation of attachment and evaluate. An attachment is an emotional bond between two people. It is a two-way process that endures over time. An evolutionary perspective of attachment was researched by the famous John Bowlby in 1969. Bowlby observed both humans and mammals. Bowlby ’s theory is an evolutionary theory‚ he emphasised that attachment had evolved‚ which means it was not something that was taught‚ because of its survival and reproductive
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can produce social‚ emotional‚ and intellectual problems for children; however‚ how inevitable such problems become as a results of privation and the extent to which can be reserved remains an issue of debate among psychologists. Curtis’ (1977) study of Genie gives much information about the privation we know today. Genie was a feral child‚ victim of severe abuse‚ neglect and social isolation caused by her father. She was locked alone in a room from the age of 20 months until she was 13 years and
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There are two main biological theories which explain the assumed causes of schizophrenia: Genetic and Dopamine Hypothesis. Research by Mikaywa et al has found that there must be a genetic explanation of schizophrenia due to the fact that concordance rates for environmental causes are not 100%. Also Mikaywa noticed that schizophrenia runs in the family‚ meaning there must be something other than environmental causes‚ causing the disorder. What Mikaywa studied was DNA from human families who were
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and Guay (1969)‚ participants were evaluated on a creative task by an experimenter and then asked to rate how much they had liked the experimenter; this rating was highest when the experimenter positively evaluated the participants on the task. This study could‚ however‚ produce demand characteristics. Another component of the reward theory is proximity; this can be defined as physical or geographical closeness which represents a requirement for attraction. Festinger (1950) showed the importance
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The face recognition model developed by Bruce and Young has eight key parts and it suggests how we process familiar and unfamiliar faces‚ including facial expressions. The diagram below shows how these parts are interconnected. Structural encoding is where facial features and expressions are encoded. This information is translated at the same time‚ down two different pathways‚ to various units. One being expression analysis‚ where the emotional state of the person is shown by facial features. By
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Outline for Social Studies CXC CSEC School Based Assessment Introduction to CSEC S.B.A. Geographic fieldwork is about the application of geographic concepts and ideas in the investigation of a problem or issue. Instead of gathering information from books‚ we gather information about the world around from the environment. Geographers first identify an area for research. They ask geographic questions about the issues that have been identified and form hypotheses.. They then conduct a systematic
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Outline and evaluate research into Conformity as an explanation of Human Social Behaviour “Conforming” is when a person changes the way they act and think to fit in with the majority of people in a group to gain acceptance. Kelman (1958) said that there are 3 types of conformity‚ Compliance‚ which means going along with others to gain approval and avoid rejection and accepting the group view in public but not private. Identification is conforming to someone who is liked and respected and Internalisation
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Eye Witness Testimony “Eyewitness testimony is so unreliable that it should never be used in convicting criminals”. Eyewitness testimony is a legal term. It refers to; an account given by person(s) of an event they’ve witnessed. Eyewitness testimony is admissible in a court of law to assist in the conviction of individuals. In 1976‚ the Devlin report examined over 2000 identity parades in the U.K. Of the 2000 parades‚ 45% resulted in a suspect being identified and out of these‚ 82% were eventually
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