EVALUATE THE APPROACH OF OBJECT-RELATIONS THEORY IN TERMS OF ITS EFFECTIVENESS As we have seen‚ “the concept of object relations stems from psychoanalytic instinct theory. The “object” of an instinct is the agent through which the instinctual aim is achieved‚ and the agent is usually conceived as being another person. It is generally agreed that the infant’s first object is his mother. The origin of object relations lies in the first year of life‚ and most‚ although not all‚ psychoanalysts have
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Infradian rhythms are biological rhythms that last for more than 24 hours. They are controlled by the hypothalamus‚ an endogenous pacemaker which requires input from exogenous zeitgebers so the rhythm can run correctly. An example of an infradian rhythms is the mentstrual cycle. This is controlled by the pituary gland which is an endogenous pacemaker. The pituary gland releases hormones which cause an egg in the ovaries to ripen and produce oestrogen. Whilst it is known to be biological due to its universal
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psychologists. A psychologist may approach this story with a view inside of the perpetrators mind. Was he biologically‚ psychodynamicly‚ behaviorally or cognitively provoked to do such a thing? What would make someone do something horrible and violent like that? Each of the psychologists views provide different aspects and alternate explanations for why this offenders actions occurred‚ sometimes even explanations to the point of understanding the mind of a criminal. A biological psychologist specifically
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“Outline and evaluate fators that affect eating behaviours.” There is huge debate as to which factors affect the eating behaviours of an individual. A key issue is whether our food choices are down to innate behaviours and our genetics or whether they are an outcome of the environment in which we are brought up in‚ such as our cultures and socio-economic circumstances. One key factor which affects our food choices is our mood. It is generally accepted that food can be comforting when we feel upset
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Outline and evaluate the influence of childhood experiences on adult relationships Adult relationships are not just influenced by biological or inherited factors. Upbringing‚ socialisation and childhood also play an important part in later adult relationships. Attachment is the emotional tie between two people that is shown in their behaviours. Attachment theory‚ put forward by Bowlby‚ argues that childhood relationships are prototypes for ones adult relationships. There is some evidence for this
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Blind obedience is when a person carries out an order even if it goes against their moral values or codes. Prejudice is an unjust attitude towards an individual solely based on their membership of a social group. Both of these issues were present in Abu Ghraib Prison (Iraq). They occurred when American soldiers commit terrible act upon Iraqi prisoners staying there. The soldiers claimed they were merely following orders‚ but scepticisms have been made about whether it was blind obedience or prejudice
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Examine the concepts of normality and abnormality (22mks) Abnormality may be defined as behavior that causes distress‚ loss of freedom‚ physical or emotional pain‚ and increased risk of death or injury to self or something that causes a disability of some sort. Abnormal behaviour is however difficult to diagnose because it is‚ to a large extent‚ based on the symptoms people exhibit. Psychiatrists and psychologists use a standardized system called a diagnostic manual to help them but this system
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Assignment 1- Defining abnormality Defining abnormal behaviour is one of the most difficult and provocative subjects within the field of abnormal psychology as there are a range of methodologies you can use to define abnormalities. Abnormality is a behaviour or condition that strays from what society views as normal and appropriate‚ consequently causing distress or harm to oneself or those around them. Due to the fact that society has changed through history when defining abnormality‚ we are now able
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Psychologists have put forward different explanations of attachment‚ such as learning theory and Bowlby’s theory. Outline and evaluate one or more explanations of attachment One explanation of attachment is Bowlby’s theory who described attachment as "lasting psychological connectedness between human beings" Bowlby believed that the earliest bonds formed by children with their caregivers have a tremendous impact that continues throughout life. According to Bowlby‚ attachment also serves to
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Outline and evaluate the working memory model (12) The working memory model (WMM) suggests that there are three main components to human memory. The central executive is the key component of working memory and is what directs attention to particular tasks‚ deciding which ‘resources’ (being the phonological loop and visual-spatial sketchpad) are allocated to which tasks. The central executive has a very limited capacity however‚ and can’t attend to too many things at once. The phonological loop
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