Various theories have been advanced to justify or explain the goals of criminal punishment‚ including retribution‚ deterrence‚ incapacitation‚ rehabilitation‚ and restorative justice. Sometimes punishment advances more than these goals. At other times‚ a punishment may promote one goal and conflict with another. Justice means attaining a position in which the conduct or actions of individuals is considered to be fair‚ right and appropriate for a given circumstance. Restorative justice is a
Premium Crime Criminal justice Criminology
The learning theory has two main concepts to help explain attachment formation. One concept is operant conditioning which explains attachment formation through a reinforced response. When an infant gets food its discomfort from its hunger will become happiness. The infant will now associate the happiness with food and so the food becomes the primary reinforcer. The person feeding the infant will also become associated with the happiness and becomes the secondary reinforce and an attachment will be
Premium Classical conditioning Operant conditioning Behaviorism
Essay Describe and evaluate the synaptic homeostasis model of sleep The synaptic homeostasis model of sleep (Tononi & Cirelli‚ 2003) explains memory consolidation as a by-product of synaptic downscaling that occurs during sleep. This essay will describe the synaptic homeostasis model of sleep and evaluate how valid its predictions are in the face of empirical research. According to this model‚ synaptic potentiation is associated with the homeostatic regulation of slow wave activity‚ which
Premium Sleep Memory Rapid eye movement sleep
Outline and evaluate functionalist views of the role of the family in society. (33 Marks) Functionalists stress the positive aspect of family. In particular‚ they force on the positive role of one particular family type: the nuclear family. Murdoch (1949) claimed the family was a universal institution. He studied 250 societies and found the family‚ in some form‚ was present in all of them. This suggests that families are necessary in some way‚ whether it be for societies to survive‚ for individual
Premium Sociology
Sleeping and Dreaming and Theories of Sleep There are four different stages of sleep and they are number from one to four. Stage one EEG is the only stage that has a different reaction when we are first falling asleep and then when we return to this stage after falling asleep. When falling asleep stage one is called initial stage one EEG when we return to this stage throughout the night after falling asleep it is then called emergent stage one EEG. When we fall asleep we start at stage one then
Premium Sleep Rapid eye movement sleep
Outline and evaluate the strange situations During the 1970’s‚ psychologist Mary Ainsworth further expanded upon Bowlby’s groundbreaking work in her now-famous "Strange Situation" study. The study involved observing children between the ages of 12 to 18 months responding to a situation in which they were briefly left alone and then reunited with their mother (Ainsworth‚ 1978). Based on these observations‚ Ainsworth concluded that there were three major styles of attachment: secure attachment‚ ambivalent-insecure
Premium Mary Ainsworth Attachment theory
Speaking 6th March 2013 Working Outline Topic: Sleep Apnea General Purpose: to inform Specific Purpose: to inform the audience on Sleep Apnea Thesis: Sleep Apnea is becoming more of a dangerous disease that more people are starting to be diagnosed with. It is extremely important that Sleep Apnea is emphasized so that more people are aware of it. Introduction: “The National Sleep Foundation” says that a lot of people don’t know what sleep apnea is. Sleep Apnea is a dangerous disease that
Premium Sleep apnea Obesity
Restorative justice In the restorative justice (RJ) city case study; Ed‚ David‚ and Mildred‚ had an unusual encounter. In this story about two young men breaking into a women’s home and violating her rights. In RJ city were this crime took place‚ the city has a very unique way of dealing with crime by using restorative justice. The restorative justice process emphasizes on repairing harm that is cause by crime. This repair includes the victim‚ the offender‚ and the members of the community
Free Crime Criminal justice Restorative justice
Restorative Justice Restorative Justice is an alternative to the traditional system. Even though restorative justice will never replace the traditional system‚ it has a balanced focus on the person harmed‚ the person causing the harm and the affected community‚ rather than just the crime through the eyes of the law. Restorative Justice is always voluntary for the victims‚ and the offenders have to be willing to cooperate and they have to want to do this. Restorative Justice is a forward-looking
Premium Restorative justice Victim Criminology
To Sleep or Not to Sleep My opinion of sleep and how I actually go about it are different from each other. Generally‚ I get everything I planned for that day done before I allow myself to sleep‚ especially if there is homework involved. However‚ I fully believe people should reorganize their life‚ so they are able to get enough sleep each night. I believe this for several reasons: the consequences of sleep deprivation are serious‚ may improve vitality‚ and sleep is the time to allow the brain to
Free Sleep Sleep deprivation Electroencephalography