Outline and evaluate two social psychological theories of aggression Bandura’s Social Learning Theory suggests that acts of aggression are learnt through the observation of role models. His original “Bobo Doll” study showed that when exposed to aggressive behaviour small children copied this behaviour‚ not just by being physically aggressive but even copying the verbally aggressive behaviour. However this study focuses on children who are supposed to learn in this manner‚ this doesn’t demonstrate
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Freud’s view of religion Sigmund Freud grew up in a Catholic town in Moravia‚ where he was one of a very small number of Jew’s. He claimed to have grown up without any belief in God‚ and never to have felt the need for it. Freud worked from the presupposition that the origin of religion is psychological‚ he assumed from the start that religious belief; religious experience and religious impulses come from within the mind and not from any external supernatural being. In Freud’s view‚ people
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Outline and Evaluate The Cognitive Interview (12 marks) The cognitive interview was created by Fisher and Gieselman in 1992‚ the cognitive interview is a technique which aims to bring out more accurate information from eye witnesses. It consists of four stages; the interviewee is asked to mentally recreate the environment from the original incident including weather conditions and their feelings. The interviewee is asked to report every single detail of the incident even if it may seem irrelevant
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Social change: a significant modification of behaviour‚ beliefs or culture within a society. There are two main schools of thought on how and when this is brought about. The structural functionalist perspective (hereby called functionalism) views society as a bunch of interdependent parts‚ all of which perform a function that is essential to the stability of the society as a whole. It sees change as mainly gradual and due to advancement‚ and considers rapid change to be threatening to society. Conflict
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Outline and evaluate research into obedience (Milgram) Milgram carried out a series of studies to try to shed some light on the aspect of human behaviour. He studied a thousand participants who were representative of the general population. He discovered that under certain situational influences most of us would conform to what is needed to be done. His study of obedience was done in a lab in Yale University and the experimenter wore a long grey coat which reinforced his authority and status. Then
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Outline & evaluate the cognitive interview. (12 marks) The cognitive interview was devised by psychologists in order to eliminate the effects of misleading questions and misleading information. The process consists of first reporting everything the witness can remember‚ even information they believe to be unimportant. Then the witness is asked to mentally instate their experience‚ where they mentally use their sense to recall information. After this the witness is asked to change the order in
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The family is an example of a social structure. It is made up of a group of people in society related by blood or marriage‚ ties or strong bond‚ usually consisting of one or two parents and their children. Social structure is the unique organised arrangement of social relationships and social institutions that make up society. Social structures are present in society and affect all parts of human experience. It enables individuals in the society to interact and live together. This essay will compare
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Outline and evaluate neural and hormonal mechanisms in aggression. There are two main biological explanations to aggression‚ neural and hormonal. The neural explanation is the serotonin and dopamine neurotransmitters and how they affect our aggression; the hormonal mechanisms are the testosterone and cortisol chemicals. Testosterone is a hormone that is more concentrated in men than in women as it is a male sex hormone‚ it is thought to influence aggression from a young age onwards‚ due to its actions
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Contemporary Global Environmental Issues Climate Change and Religions: The Importance of Religion in Climate Change Yeung Chung Yiu‚ The University of Hong Kong ABSTRACT Despite our deep scientific understanding in climate change‚ little is known about the relationship between religion and climate change. This paper argues that religion plays a critical role in climate change‚ by both the worldviews and values portrayed and emphasized by religions‚ and the reach and influence of modern religious
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Outline & Evaluate one or more Explanations of Why People Obey. There are many reasons as to why people obey which have been justified gradually over several decades. Milgram (1974) argued the fact that in an obedience situation‚ people tend to pass all sense of responsibility onto the authoritative figure. Milgram said that people are in an autonomous state when taking their responsibility but move into an agentic state when passing this responsibility to an authoritative figure; this shift in
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