The Working Memory Model (WMM) is a theory by Baddeley and Hitch in 1974. The theory replaces the idea that there is a single Short Term Memory (STM) from Atkinson and Shiffrin (1968)‚ it suggests that the STM is a flexible multi-component system. The WMM suggests that the STM is controlled by the Central Executive (CE) which controls attention‚ planning and synthesising information. The Central Executive is a flexible system which means it can process audio‚ visual and sound information‚ it also
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Outline and evaluate the multi-store model of memory (12) The multi-store model of memory (MSM) was developed by Atkinson and Shiffrin in 1968 and explains how information flows from one storage system to another‚ with three permanent structures in memory: sensory memory (SM)‚ short-term memory (STM) and long-term memory (LTM). It describes memory as something made up of a series of stores and these each differ in terms of their capacity‚ duration and encoding process. Information is detected
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Describe and Evaluate the Working Memory Model - 12 Marks The working memory model is a model which specifically defines the short term memory. It is made up of three sections: the central executive‚ visuo-spacial sketchpad and phonological loop. The central executive is the ’boss’ of the three and this section of the system is the part that makes it possible for humans to multitask. It does this by allocating attention to different parts of the system. These are its slave systems. The capacity
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Outline the four components of Baddeley and Hitch’s working memory model‚ and assess to what extent this model has helped us to understand phonological short term memory problems in children with reading disorders. The working memory model is the dominant and influential theory of memory designed to actively store information and refer to ideas that are thought of‚ or made available to the mind. Information can be manipulated when it is required during thinking‚ mental tasks‚ solving a problem
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Describe and evaluate the Working Memory Model of Memory (12 marks) The working memory model by Baddeley and Hitch in 1974 is an alternative to the multi- store model‚ which was limited in its description of the STM. It consists of three main components‚ the first one being the central executive‚ which has overall control. The central executive is directs attention to two slave systems‚ the phonological loop and the visual-spatial sketchpad. The central executive has limited capacity but
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Outline & Evaluate The Multi-Store Model Of Memory (12 Marks) The multi-store model of memory is widely renowned as the definitive concept of how our memory works‚ through inter-connected stores. We encode information into our sensory memory by using incoming stimuli (our five senses)‚ our sensory memory is very limited‚ allowing us to only store around 2 items‚ for as little as 1 or 2 seconds. If however‚ we pay attention to the information that has been encoded into our sensory memory‚ it then
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Outline and Evaluate the Multi – Store Model of Memory ( 12 marks ) Information from the environment enters sensory memory‚ encoded through one of the 5 senses depending on the type of information. If attention is paid to this information it will enter short term memory ( STM )which‚ according to Miller‚ has a capacity of 7+/- 2 bits of information. It can last up to 18 seconds‚ without rehearsal‚ according to Peterson and Peterson. Baddeley found that information in STM is encoded mainly
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The WMM model of memory Atkinson’s and Shiffrin’s (1968) multi-store model was extremely successful in terms of the amount of research it generated. However‚ as a result of this research‚ it became apparent that there were a number of problems with their ideas concerning the characteristics of short-term memory. Building on this research‚ Baddeley and Hitch (1974) developed an alternative model of short-term memory which they called working memory. There are three main components to the original
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Baddley’s working memory model explains what goes on inside the short-term memory and the working memory. It consists of two temporary storages for short-term memory depending on the type of information. The visuospatial sketchpad stores the visual and spatial images for manipulation. The phonological loop maintains auditory memory by speech rehearsal. Visual/spatial images and auditory information are stored in separate locations in working memory. Another component in Baddley’s model is the central
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Out line and evaluate the Multi-store Model of Memory The multi-store model of memory was proposed by Atkinson and Shiffrin in1968. The model consists of three separate stores – the sensory store‚ the short term memory and the long term memory. Information enters via our senses (sight‚ smell‚ sounds‚ taste and touch) into the sensory store. We pay attention to some of the things that enter our sensory store‚ these things them move on into our short term memory. Whatever is stored in the short
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