The pGLO lab is a lab where students attempt to put the genes that make a jelly fish glow into E. Coli. After a process called transformation‚ the process in which a cell takes up and expresses a new piece of genetic information‚ the E. Coli will be able to glow and will be antibiotic resistant. The students first need to learn a couple of techniques before they are able to begin this lab. The first technique they will need is how to keep their environment sterile. They must learn to only open their
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The starting material for this lab was the dialyzed sample (stored at -20ᵒ C) from the previous lab. The CM sephadex resin (taken in a 50 mL tube) was already made swollen using Buffer C (20 mM HEPES‚ pH 7.9; 1 mM EDTA; 50 mM KCl). The dialyzed sample was thawed to the room temperature and gently poured over the resin. The tube was capped and kept on a rocker at room temperature for 1 hour. The tube was then centrifuged in a HS-4 rotor at 2500 rpm (1200g) for 5 minutes at 4ᵒ C. Supernatant was discarded
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Introduction In this lab‚ the purpose was to verify Hess’s Law. Four main topics were covered during this experiment including enthalpy of reaction‚ heat of formation‚ Hess’s Law‚ and calorimetry. The enthalpy of reaction‚ ΔHrxn is the heat or enthalpy change for a chemical reaction. The energy change is equal to the amount of heat transferred at a constant pressure in the reaction. The change represents the difference in enthalpy of the products and the reactants and is independent of the steps
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are many conditions of the environment that can affect the optimum operation of enzymes. These condition include temperature‚ enzyme concentration‚ substrate concentration‚ acidity‚ salinity‚ and any present activators/inhibitors. In this particular lab‚ temperature was the environmental factor studied. More specifically‚ the enzyme catalase and its substrate hydrogen peroxide were tested under different temperatures. It was discovered that‚ temperature can affect the optimum operation of enzymes;
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According to the data from both the lab group and the class average‚ there is evidence that osmosis did occur in the bags. The largest change in mass was in the 1.0M sucrose bag the mass went from 12g initially to 14.2g‚ this gained 2.2g‚ an 18.3% change in mass for the group data over the duration of the experiment. The 0.2M bag went from 10.2g to 10.9g a 6.9% change in mass; the 0.4M bag went from 12.1g to 12.2g .83% change in mass; the 0.8M bag went from 10.9g to 12.2g and an 11.9% change in
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can survive in extreme environments. Halobacteria are also useful by being a good organism to perform DNA transcription‚ translation‚ and transformation on (Kramer‚ 2006). There are two different types of Halobacteria that are being observed in this lab. The first is NRC-1‚ which is also called the wild type strain. Although the pigmentation of the Halobacteria is caused by the production of the membrane protein‚ bacteriorhodopsin‚ which is a red‚ the wild type strain is pink in color. This pink color
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Meiosis and Genetic Diversity in Sordaria 979554296 Biology 110 Lab Introduction: In Israel there exists multiple spots in the mountains called Evolution Canyons‚ which are all located between a southern facing slope (SFS) and a northern facing slope (NFS). What’s particularly interesting about these locations is that despite the two slopes being on opposite sides of a small canyon‚ they exhibit extremely contrasting conditions. The SFS receives multiple times the UV radiation from the sun
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In the unknown identification labs‚ we have identified our unknown as Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is Gram negative and rod shaped that we found to be motile in the lab. Our strain of P. aeruginosa formed colonies that were round in shape and had scalloped margins on nutrient agar. On our agar slant‚ the P. aeruginosa colonies had a filiform appearance on the edges. I think we correctly identified our unknown as P. aeruginosa because we performed several different tests‚ eleven
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In this lab‚ we extracted spinach pigments‚ and analyzed what colors of light these pigments absorb. By using TLC plate‚ hexane and acetone‚ I separated the pigments of spinach‚ and discovered that the main pigments were green and yellow. This works because with different polarities‚ pigments move at different rates. Hexane and acetone were also used to separate chlorophyll and carotene from spinach. Since they are polar‚ they can separate organic and inorganic things. From the experiment‚ I know
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The carbon atom of a carboxyl group has a high oxidation state. Therefore‚ that many of the chemical reactions used for their preparation are oxidations. In this experiment‚ an aromatic carboxylic acids namely benzoic acid will be prepared by oxidizing benzyl alcohol which is a primary alcohol. The oxidizing agent used is alkaline potassium permanganate (VII). Benzyl alcohol is an aromatic alcohol with the formula C6H5CH2OH. It is a primary alcohol because the carbon atom which the hydroxyl group
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