commercially available formalin has 10 to 12% methanol with a few impurities like aluminum and copper. Almost 21 million tonnes of formaldehyde is produced annually all around the world. Synthesis of Formaldehyde Formaldehyde is produced by catalytic oxidation of methanol. A mixture of molybdenum and iron or silver is used as a catalyst in such a reaction. But a more commonly used process is FORMAX. In this process‚ methanol and oxygen react at temperatures more than 250ºC in presence of vanadium to produce
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Santo Tomas‚ Manila ABSTRACT The unknown hydrocarbon sample was differentiated and characterized by the use of three tests. The outcomes of these tests are as follows: Nitration test (negative)‚ Bromine test (positive) and Basic Oxidation test (positive). From these results the unknown sample can be classified as non-aromatic and unsaturated. INTRODUCTION Hydrocarbons are organic compounds that consist of only C and H atoms. They include the alkanes‚ alkenes‚ alkynes‚ and aromatic
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Food Chemistry: Option F Food Groups: F.1 Food & Nutrients Food: any substance‚ whether processed‚ semi-processed or raw‚ which is intended for human consumption‚ and includes drinks‚ chewing gum and any substance which has been used in the manufacture‚ preparation or treatment of “food” but does not include cosmetics or tobacco or substances used only as drugs. Nutrients: any substance obtained from food and used by the body to provide energy‚ to regulate growth‚ and to maintain and repair
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Fig. 7A displays the amperometric response of Ag/ZSM-5/CPE with successive injection of OA into a stirred solution of 0.1 M NaHPO4 pH= 2 recorded at the potential of 0.73 V vs. Ag|AgCl in the concentration ranges from 16 μM to 4.0 mM. It can be seen that the aerometric current increases clearly after each injection of OA. Fabricated sensor displays the rapid response towards change in the concentration of OA which reaches a steady state within 2 s by applying the potential of 0.73 V to Ag/ZSM-5/CPE
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Experiment #1: Carbohydrate Digestion • Tube 1 Digestion Lab – 3 ml water • Tube 2 – 3 ml 0.2% amylase • Tube 3 – 3 ml 0.2% amylase + 10 drops of 1.0M HCl • Tube 4 1 2 4 3 – 3 ml 0.2% amylase – place in hot water bath for 5 min Experiment #1: Carbohydrate Digestion • Add 5.0 ml starch solution to each tube • Incubate in 37°C bath for 1.5 hr • Divide contents of each tube evenly into 2 tubes – Lugol’s Test – Benedict’s Test Experiment #1: Carbohydrate
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HSC Chemistry Topic 1 PRODUCT ON of MATERIALS What is this topic about? To keep it as simple as possible‚ (K.I.S.S.) this topic involves the study of: 1. POLYMERS FROM PETROCHEMICALS & BIOMASS 2. ALTERNATIVE FUELS - ETHANOL & THE ALKANOLS 3. REDOX CHEMISTRY & BATTERIES 4. RADIOACTIVITY & ITS USES ...all in the context of society’s use of energy and materials but first) an introduction ... In the previous topic in the Preliminary Course‚ you learnt about carbon chemistry of petroleum Then you
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Chemistry Exam Study Sheet Organic Chemistry • Study of compounds to which carbon is the principal element. • Carbon is special because it has 4 bonds. Functional Groups • Organic substances are organized into organic families. • Organic Families – group of organic compounds with common structural features. o Each family has a recognizable physical property and a specific structural arrangement. o Each combination is referred to as a functional group. o Even
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A Seminar Report on “CATALYTIC CONVERTER” PREFACE Catalytic converter is most effective device which converts harmful gases due to engine exhaust into eco-friendly gases. In this report‚ we have tried to bring into focus imports of reducing air pollution and why catalytic converter is necessary in automobile. We also tried to bring advance technology found out now a day for reducing air pollution. By best effort‚ we try to focus necessity of subject. We hope our report is one
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Spinach Blueberries is one of the many cancer preventing foods. Blueberries are full of antioxidants and flavonoids that prevent cell damage from happening. Antioxidants is a substance‚ like Vitamin C or E that counteracts the damaging effects of oxidation in a living organism. A flavonoid is any group of organic compounds that occur as a pigments in fruits and flowers. One thing that antioxidants is neutralize free radicals‚ atoms that contain an odd number of electrons and are highly unstable. The
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hydroxide ( OH ) R – NH2 + H2O ⇄ R – NH3+ + OH- Amine water Hydroxide Example CH3 – NH2 + H2O ⇄ CH3 – NH3+ + OH- Methylamine methylammonium Oxidation – all amines can be oxidize‚ only tertiary amines give easily isolated products. The oxidation of a tertiary amine leads to the formation of an amine oxide. Example H2O2 (CH3)3N (CH3)N+ O- Reaction of amines with nitrous acid – Nitrous acid ( HNO2) reacts with amines to distinguish
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