Oxidation and Reduction Mnemonic: OILRIG Oxidation Is Loss‚ Reduction Is Gain Oxidation → the loss of electrons from an atom or an ion→ always happens at anode (positive electrode) → think anOde (O2 in the electrolysis of water xp) Redox reactions: Reactions involving the transfer of electrons e.g. burning‚ rusting‚ photosynthesis‚ respiration and the browning of apples. happens in three types of reactions: 1. addition of oxygen 2. removal of hydrogen 3. increase in valency (how easily an atom
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Oxidation Lab Part 1: Purpose: You are going to investigate the ease with which different metals undergo oxidation and reduction. Materials: | 4 samples of each of: lead‚ zinc‚ iron‚ copper | spot plates steel wool/sand paper | | | | Solutions of: | copper(II) sulfate Ferric nitrate Silver nitrate Lead (II) nitrate | | Procedure: 1. Obtain 4 samples of each metal and clean with steel wool or sand paper. Wash your hands after cleaning the metals so you are not exposed to lead
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Oxidation Number When elements combine to produce a compound‚ each element is assigned an “apparent” charge. This apparent charge‚ the charge an atom would have if both electrons in each bond were assigned to the more electronegative element‚ may be positive or negative. It is called the oxidation number or state of the element in the compound. Oxidation numbers are very useful in keeping track of what happens to electrons when various elements combine to form compounds. By remembering a few
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Lab 5 Oxidation of an alcohol CHM2123 Introduction: Oxidation is a key reaction in organic chemistry. Oxidation of an alcohol can produce aldehydes‚ ketones‚ or carboxylic acids. One of the methods of oxidation is an aldol reaction through carbon-carbon bonds. The oxidation oxidizes primary alcohols to aldehydes and secondary alcohols oxidizes ketones. Tertiary alcohols are converted to the common oxidizing agents. Scheme 5.1: Aldehydes can be oxidized easily to carboxylic acids in aqueous medias
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Preparation In a dry round bottom flask‚ 1.5mL of cyclohexanone was added with 5mL of methanol. The solution was cooled in an ice bath for 3 minutes after which 0.2g of sodium borohydride was measured and added to the solution. Upon mixing‚ a gas was formed (bubbles). The round bottom flask was removed from the ice bath and placed at room temperature. After 10 minutes at room temperature‚ 5.0mL of 3M NaOH and 2.0mL of distilled water was added to the solution. Isolation and Characterization The
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across the carbon-oxygen double bond and the elimination reaction took place when the water molecule left (Clark‚ 2015). To demonstrate these mechanisms‚ the reaction between a semicarbazide and a mixture of cyclohexanone and 2-furaldehyde was observed. Both 2-furaldehyde and cyclohexanone contain a carbonyl group. This allows semicarbazides to react with the carbonyl group to form a semicarbazone. That is‚ the double bonded oxygen on the carbonyl group and the two hydrogen of NH2 react to form
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Mario Troncoso 20025019 Dehydrating Cyclohexanol Structure/MSDS: Anhydrous calcium chloride—irritant and hygroscopic (calcium chloride) cyclohexanol—irritant and hygroscopic (cyclohexanol) cyclohexene—flammable and irritant (cyclohexene) Sulfuric acid—toxic and oxidizer (Sulfuric acid) phosphoric acid—corrosive (phosphoric acid) Results/Data: End product weighed 0.109g of cyclohexane and tested positive with bromine test Discussion: In order to perform
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The Synthesis of Alkenes: The Dehydration of Cyclohexanol Adam Ohnmacht CHEM 0330 Scott Caplan 10/30/12 Abstract: In Organic Chemistry‚ many different methods are used to synthesize organic compounds from various components. In this lab‚ cyclohexanol was dehydrated to cyclohexene through an elimination reaction. In order to separate the cyclohexene product from the cyclohexanol starting component‚ previously learned lab techniques such as extractions and simple distillation were used.
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Title: Preparation of Cyclohexene from Cyclohexanol Aim: To prepare an alkene‚ cyclohexene‚ by the dehydration of an alcohol‚ cyclohexanol‚ and better understand the processes that take place during this reaction. Introduction: One of the common ways of preparing an alkene is through the dehydration of an alcohol. In this experiment cyclohexanol is dehydrated to prepare cyclohexene while using sulfuric acid as a catalyst. A bromine test can be later done to ensure that the end product is
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Oxidation of an Alcohol: Oxidizing Methoxybenzyl Alcohol to Methoxybenzaldehyde Using Phase-Transfer Catalysis PURPOSE OF THE EXPERIMENT Oxidize methoxybenzyl alcohol to methoxybenzaldehyde‚ using sodium hypochlorite as the oxidizing agent and tetrabutylammonium hydrogen sulfate as the phase-transfer catalyst. Monitor the progress of the reaction by thin-layer chromatography. BACKGROUND REQUIRED You should be familiar with extraction‚ evaporation‚ and thin-layer chromatography techniques
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