FOUNDATION IN SCIENCE INTRODUCTION TO PRACTICAL ORGANIC CHEMISTRY – MAKING AND PURIFYING ORGANIC COMPOUNDS Stage 1 – Deciding how much reagent to use Most organic reactions do not go to completion; most reach an equilibrium position with significant quantities of reactants still remaining. In addition‚ separating the desired product from the rest of the reaction mixture‚ and then purifying it‚ will result in the loss of more of the product. The amount of product obtained expressed as a percentage
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2. Qualitative ORGANIC functional group tests in various homologous series | TEST FOR | TEST METHOD | OBSERVATIONS | TEST CHEMISTRY and comments | ALKENE or alkyne i.e. any non-aromatic unsaturated hydrocarbon with a double or triple carbon-carbon bond. | Bubble gas through‚ or add liquid to‚ a solution of bromine in hexane or water. | The orange/brown bromine rapidly decolourises‚ as a saturated colourless organic bromo-compound is formed. | R2C=CR2 + Br2 ==> BrR2C-CR2BrRCCR + 2Br2 ==> Br2RC-CRBr2R
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Hydrogen Peroxide & Inorganic Peroxy Compounds Hydrogen Peroxide Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is the simplest peroxide (a compound with an oxygen-oxygen single bond). It is also a strong oxidizer. Hydrogen peroxide is a clear liquid‚ slightly more viscous than water. In dilute solution‚ it appears colorless. Reactions Decomposition Hydrogen peroxide decomposes exothermically into water and oxygen gas spontaneously: 2 H2O2 → 2 H2O + O2 This process is thermodynamically favorable. It has
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CHM 096 TUTORIAL 6 Mar 2013 (ELECTROCHEMISTRY) 1. Determine the oxidation number of the first name element in the following ions. a) Cr2O72 d) AsO33 b) SbF6 e) BaH2 c) MoO42 f) ClO4− 2. Determine whether each of the reactants shown in the following half-reactions is being oxidized or reduced. a) As4+ As3+ b) Cl2O7 HClO4 c) C2H4O C2H6O d) SO2 SO42− e) Cr2O72− Cr3+ 3. Indicate whether each of the following is or
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UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE INTERNATIONAL EXAMINATIONS General Certificate of Education Advanced Subsidiary Level and Advanced Level CHEMISTRY Paper 1 Multiple Choice Additional Materials: Multiple Choice Answer Sheet Soft clean eraser Soft pencil (type B or HB is recommended) Data Booklet 9701/13 May/June 2010 1 hour *2288633369* READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST Write in soft pencil. Do not use staples‚ paper clips‚ highlighters‚ glue or correction fluid. Write your name‚ Centre number and
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MODEL QUESTION PAPER 2 PUC II Model Question Paper-2 PUC-II CHEMISTRY Time: 3 hr-15 min. Batch-02 Max Marks: 70 Instructions: i) ii) The question paper has four parts‚ A‚ B‚ C and D. All parts are compulsory Part-A Carries 10 marks Part-B Carries 10 marks Part-C Carries 15 marks Part-D Carries 35 marks iii) Write balanced equations and draw diagrams wherever required (Use log tables and the simple commercial calculator if necessary (use of scientific calculator is not allowed) Part-A I. Answer
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SYLLABUS CHEMISTRY (043) CLASS-XII – (2012-13) Annexure - ‘ I ’ S.No. 1. 2. 3. 4. Type of Question Long Answers (LA) Short Answers-II (SA II) Short Answers-I (SA-I) Very Short Answer (VSA) Total Marks for No. of Total Marks each Question Questions 5 3 2 1 3 9 10 08 30 15 27 20 08 70 Weightage 4 5 5 5 4 3 8 5 3 4 4 6 4 4 3 3 70 Total: S.No. UNIT 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. Solid State Solutions Electrochemistry Chemical Kinetics Surface Chemistry General Principles
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Oxygen in Liquids (DISSOLVED OXYGEN) Dissolved Oxygen – the amount of dissolved oxygen in a body of water as an indication of the degree of the health of water and its ability to support a balanced aquatic ecosystem. Oxygen – is a clear‚ colorless‚ odorless‚ and tasteless gas that dissolves in water. Small but important amounts of it are dissolved in water. OXYGEN: Aquatic Life Depends on it Plants and Animals depend on dissolved oxygen for survival. Lack of dissolved oxygen can cause aquatic
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Printed Ckt Board Types of PCB (I) Single Side (II) Double Side (III) Multi Layer (V) Flexible PCB * Single Side ( 1 layer ) :- The insulating substrate contains ckt pattern on only one side. Which is called as solder side. The other side is called component side. * Double Side (2 layer) :- Double side means the ckt pattern is present on the either side of the insulating material ckt pattern both on component side & solder side. * Flexible Cards :- Flexible
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Peñaverde Department of Biology‚ University of Santo Tomas‚ Manila‚ Philippines Abstract The proponents have done several tests for identifying alcohols‚ aldehydes and ketones. These tests are Dichromate test‚ Tollens test‚ Lucas test‚ DNPH test and Iodoform test. Three samples got positive result in dichromate test and one in Tollens test. Lucas test got one sample that has a positive result‚ DNPH test got two positive results and Iodoform test also got two. All unknowns are identified from which
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