STUDY GUIDE (Ch. 9.1-9.5‚ 10.1-10.3) I) CELLULAR RESPIRATION A) Catabolic Pathways A.1) Fermentation: partial degradation of sugar that occurs w/o oxygen A.2) Cellular Respiration: oxygen is used A.3) Redox Reactions (Oxidation-Reduction that exchanges electrons) Oxidation: loss of electrons (energy must be added) Reduction: addition of electrons. (-) charged electrons added to atom reduce amount of (+) charge of that atom A.4) Stepwise Energy Harvest via NAD+ & ETC (FOODNADHETCOXYGEN)
Free Photosynthesis Cellular respiration Adenosine triphosphate
TEACHING ENGLISH VOCABULARY TO ELEMENTARY SCHOOL STUDENTS BY USING CROSSWORD PUZZLE RAHAJENG Abstract Teaching vocabulary is something challenging‚ especially if it is done to elementary school students. It is chalenging because elementary school students usually do not like to learn something in a serious way. They are still children that like to play. A serious way in teaching will just make them bored. It is why teaching vocabulary to elementary school students requires creativity of the
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Production of materials 1B – identify the industrial source of ethylene from the cracking of some of the fractions from the refining of petroleum Industrial source of ethylene (ethene) * Obtained from Crude oil – fractional distillation * Heated to high temps * Components vaporise and rise up tower where condense and collect * Lower the boiling point‚ higher up tower compound rises * Separates crude oil into fraction each with different boiling range - Catalytic Cracking
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photosynthetic prokaryotes use the energy from sunlight to convert carbon dioxide and water to glucose and oxygen (a waste product). The summary reaction for photosynthesis can be written as 6 CO2 6 H2O C6H12O6 6 O2 This type of reaction is an oxidation-reduction (or redox) reaction. This reaction is also [anabolic/catabolic] and [endergonic/exergonic]. In redox reactions‚ electrons (and associated H ions) are transferred from one compound or element to another. If one compound or element
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http://www.kewpid.com 1. Fossil fuels provide both energy and raw materials such as ethylene‚ for the production of other substances 1) Construct word and balanced chemical equations of chemical reactions as they are encountered • Methane + oxygen carbon dioxide + water • CH4(g) + 2O2(g) CO2(g) + 2H2O(l) 2) Identify the industrial source of ethylene from the cracking of some of the fractions from refining of petroleum Generally‚ demand for petrol exceeds supply produced from fractional distillation
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electrochemical oxidation of the lysergic acid type of ergot alkaloids‚ the mechanism may be generally applicable for compounds having the ergoloid skeleton. In the course of the work it was concluded that a simple DC amperometric method of detection in a FIA system could be applied to determine the content of ergot alkaloids of different pharmaceutical preparations. A suitable method designed to meet current analytical requirements has been developed and validated. Keywords: Electrochemical oxidation; ergot
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results in 6 CO2 molecules 2. Move hydrogen atom electrons from glucose to O2‚ forms 6 H2O molecules 3. Trap as much free energy released as possible in the form of ATP Stage 1: Glycolysis Cytoplasm‚ 10 reactions‚ anaerobic Stage 2: Pyruvate Oxidation Mitochondrial matrix‚ 1 step process Stage 3: The Krebs Cycle Mitochondrial matrix‚ 8 steps in a cycle Stage 4: Electron Transport Chain & Chemiosmosis (Oxidative Phosphorylation) Mitochondrial membrane‚ various steps ATP Formation Substrate
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Formula C10H10O4 Solubility in water Insoluble (http://www.chemicalland21.com/petrochemical/PTA.htm) The Synthesis of 1‚4-benzenedicarboxylic acid Amoco Process In the Amoco process‚ terephthalic acid is produced by oxidation of p-xylene by oxygen in air: Diagram 3.1 The process uses cobalt-manganese-bromide catalyst. The bromide source can be NaBr‚ HBr or tetrabromoethane where bromine functions as a regenerative source of free radicals. In this process‚ acetic acid
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in the first place. They also prevent heavy metals from sparking oxidation. Prevention is vital‚ since oxidation causes the body to break down and become weak. The second is it intercepts oxidizing radicals that have already formed and stop them from multiplying. Unless the body has ample defenses‚ oxidizing chain reactions will make it vulnerable to further damage. The third is it gets to work on damage already caused by oxidation. The body has an amazing ability to heal‚ and with this defense system
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appearance etc. Lipid oxidation is an important deteriorative reaction‚ which has significant implications in terms of the quality and value of fats and oils‚ specifically in relation to the off-flavours that develop as a result of autoxidation. Rancidity is caused by hydrolysis and oxidation. Heat‚ moisture and exposure to light will increase these chemical reactions and thus increase the likelihood of the onset of rancidity.During the initial stages of the oxidation process‚ hydroperoxides accumulate
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