above indicates that exposure to ambient ozone is a risk factor for triggering acute and chronic health effects. These include chest discomfort‚ cough‚ and shortness of breath and increases in daily mortality and hospital admissions for respiratory disease in the general population as well as those with lung disease; asthma attacks in people with asthma; and the possible development of new cases of asthma and other respiratory disease in people exposed to ozone over many years” (U.S Environmental Protection
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Know how photochemical smog is produced Hydrocarbons‚ carbon monoxide from vehicle exhausts are irradiated by sunlight in the presence of oxygen gas. The resulting reactions produce a potentially dangerous mixture‚ including other nitrogen oxides‚ ozone‚ and irritating organic compounds‚ as well as carbon dioxide and water vapor. Hydrocarbons + sunlight + O2 + CO + NOx →O3 + NOx + organics + CO2 + H2O Explain why photochemical smog formation varies throughout the day Early morning traffic increases
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Without our atmosphere‚ there would be no life on earth. Two gases make up the bulk of the earth’s atmosphere: nitrogen (78%)‚ and oxygen (21%). Argon‚ carbon dioxide and various trace gases make up the remainder. Scientists divided the atmosphere into four layers according to temperature: troposphere‚ stratosphere‚ mesosphere‚ and thermosphere. The temperature drops as we go up through the troposphere‚ but it rises as we move through the next layer‚ the stratosphere. The farther away from earth
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low-lying coastal towns and cities. Ozone Depletion Ozone Layer is formed when ultraviolet radiation (UV) splits a molecule of oxygen (O₂)‚ and the free oxygen atoms (O) combine with other oxygen molecules. Ozone acts as a filter in the upper atmosphere‚ preventing the harmful ultraviolet radiation of the sun from reaching the earth. Carbon compounds such as carbon dioxide (CO₂) and chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs)‚ nitrogen oxides (NO)‚ and methane break up Ozone molecules. Acid Rain Sulfur and
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that absorbs and emits radiation within the thermal infrared range. This process is the fundamental cause of the greenhouse effect.[1] The primary greenhouse gases in the Earth’s atmosphere are water vapor‚ carbon dioxide‚ methane‚ nitrous oxide‚ and ozone. In the Solar System‚ the atmospheres of Venus‚ Mars‚ and Titan also contain gases that cause greenhouse effects. Greenhouse gases greatly affect the temperature of the Earth; without them‚ Earth’s surface would average about 33 C° (59 F°) colder than
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“The Greenhouse Effect” Introduction: The "greenhouse effect" is widely discussed in the media‚ and although its details are complicated‚ its principles are not difficult to understand. Without a greenhouse effect‚ radiation from the Sun (mostly in the form of visible light) would travel to Earth and be changed into heat‚ only to be lost to space. This scenario can be sketched as follows: Sun’s radiation → absorbed by Earth → Re-radiated to space as heat The greenhouse effect is a process where
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main driving factor of the oxygen cycle is photosynthesis‚ which is responsible for the modern Earth ’s atmosphere and life as we know it (see the Great Oxygenation Event). Contents [hide] 1 Reservoirs 2 Capacities and fluxes 3 Ozone 4 References [edit] Reservoirs By far the largest reservoir of Earth ’s oxygen is within the silicate and oxide minerals of the crust and mantle (99.5%). Only a small portion has been released as free oxygen to the biosphere (0.01%) and
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Digital Technology Remote sensing – data collected from aerial photography and satellite imagery. Tem – System of satellites & receivers to plot location. GPS – Global Positioning System – system of satellites & receivers to plot location. GIS – Geographic Information System‚ - System to manipulate & display spatial data. Electrical lines‚ gas lines‚ etc. Remote Sensing Aerial Photography Discern spatial patterns Resource Inventory Emergency Management Sun-Synchronous Satellites: adjust
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What is Global Warming? Global Warming is defined as the increase of the average temperature on Earth. As the Earth is getting hotter‚ disasters like hurricanes‚ droughts and floods are getting more frequent. Over the last 100 years‚ the average temperature of the air near the Earth´s surface has risen a little less than 1° Celsius (0.74 ± 0.18°C‚ or 1.3 ± 0.32° Fahrenheit). Does not seem all that much? It is responsible for the conspicuous increase in storms‚ floods and raging forest fires
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billion vehicles travel our nation highways. However‚ by December 2011 that number increased to over 246.3 trillion automobiles. With such a high incline‚ how do automobiles affect our environment and the ozone layer? Majority of the pollution throughout our nation is caused by automobiles. The ozone layer is there to protect life from the ultraviolent rays from the sun. These layers become depleted due to high concentrations of chlorine or bromine atoms and include chlorofluorocarbons‚ or CFC’s‚ halons
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