discover the innovative practices being introduced by organizations successfully adapting to the new organization and technology of manufacturing. 2. Summary of Historical Development of Cost Accounting In terms of accounting development‚ railway companies started register cost information in accounts (Chandler‚ 1977 cited on Darius Gliaubicas (2012)) and also Chandler [1977‚ pp. 109-120] (cited on Robert Kaplan 1984) provides evidence of how U.S. railroads‚ in the 1860s and 1870s‚ developed accounting
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forces can help a company understand the structure of its industry and stake out a position that is more profitable and less vulnerable to attack. 78 Harvard Business Review | January 2008 | hbr.org STRATEGY STRATEGY by Michael E. Porter Peter Crowther SHAPE THE FIVE COMPETITIVE FORCES THAT Editor’s Note: In 1979‚ Harvard Business Review published “How Competitive Forces Shape Strategy” by a young economist and associate professor‚ Michael E. Porter. It was his first HBR
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Worksheet #1 Coverage: Classifications of Law; Sources of Law‚ Court System‚ Litigation Process. Alternative Dispute Resolution & Managing Lawyers LAW CLASSIFICATIONS Substantive and Procedural Law – Substantive – Procedural – Importance of Procedure Rules (R.E. Development Example) Public and Private Law – Public – Private – Common Law? Civil ‚ Criminal Law‚ and Administrative Law – Civil – Criminal – Administrative Law Burden of Proof – Civil – Administrative – Criminal
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Chem 1B Worksheet #2 Name ____________ Due 1/11/13 (1/6/13 stamp) I. Balance Redox Equations in acid (H+) or basic (OH-) media. Assume ions are (aq)‚ even when “aq’ is not shown. 1. MnO4- + Sn2+ ( Mn2+- + Sn4+ H+ 2. FeCl2 + H2O2 ( FeCl3 + H2O H+ 3. AsO43- + I- ( AsO33- + I2
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These five forces are empirically derived‚ e.g. by observation of real companies in real markets‚ rather than the result of economic analysis. Porter’s five forces is a useful generic structure for thinking about the nature of industries. The understanding of the structure of an industry is the basis for formulation of competitive strategy. The work of Porter provides an analytical framework for the analysis of the structural factors that condition competition within an industry and suggests several
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Edwin Stanton Porter was born on April 21‚ 1870 in Pennsylvania. He had grown up with his parents Thomas Richard Porter and Mary Jane Clark. He had worked in the electrical field at first and began experiencing with electricity. He had worked with light bulb currents and telegraphs. In early 1890’s he had opened his own small business as a tailor‚ until 1893‚ when he had joined the Navy. He served there as an electrician and telegraph operator. With his help communications were improved. After a
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these branches‚ they also created a system. This system was called “checks and balances”. “Each branch has powers that it can use to check and balance the operations and power of the other two branches.” With this system‚ each of the three branches can limit the powers of the others. Congress created this system to help ensure that no branch became too powerful. Each branch has powers that can be used to “check and balance the operations and power of the other two branches.” For example‚ in the constitution
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The Balance of Payments of a country always balances The BOP accounts summarize international transactions for a specific period‚ usually a year‚ and are prepared in a single currency‚ typically the domestic currency for the country concerned. Since the balance of payment is based upon system of double-entry book-keeping‚ the total debits must equal to total credits. This is because two aspects of each transaction recorded are equal in amount but appear on opposite sides
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The trial of dedan kimathi is an excellent example of Agit-prop theatre. This kind of theatre first emerged in 1920 in Soviet Union with the aim of instigating people into doing something. One of the devices which are used as a revolutionary tool to is the incorporating of many trials in the play. According to Delip K. Basu‚ though the trials the play intends to “question the very basis of large economic‚ political and social systems. Ngugi and Mugo have played upon the word ‘trial’ investing
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When it doesn’t‚ the structure acts like a bungee cord and pulls the organization back to its old strategy. Strategy follows structure. What the organization does defines the strategy. Changing strategy means changing what everyone in the organization does. When an organization changes its structure and not its strategy‚ the strategy will change to fit the new structure. Strategy follows structure. Suddenly management realizes the organization’s strategy has shifted in an undesirable way. It appears
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