ME 381 Mechanical and Aerospace Control Systems Dr. Robert G. Landers State Equation Solution State Equation Solution Dr. Robert G. Landers Unforced Response 2 The state equation for an unforced dynamic system is Assume the solution is x ( t ) = e At x ( 0 ) The derivative of eAt with respect to time is d ( e At ) dt Checking the solution x ( t ) = Ax ( t ) = Ae At x ( t ) = Ax ( t ) ⇒ Ae At x ( 0 ) = Ae At x ( 0 ) Letting Φ(t) = eAt‚ the solution
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GINI COEFFICIENT The Gini coefficient is a summary statistic that measures how equitably income is distributed in a population. It is derived from the Lorenz curve which plots the cumulative percentages of the income and the population against which it is distributed. The line at 45 degrees thus represents perfect equality of incomes. The Gini coefficient is the ratio of the area that lies between the line of equality and the Lorenz curve divided by the total area under the line of equality. A
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The Maxwell equations Introduction:- One of Newton’s great achievements was to show that all of the phenomena of classical mechanics can be deduced as consequences of three basic‚ fundamental laws‚ namely Newton’s laws of motion. It was likewise one of Maxwell’s great achievements to show that all of the phenomena of classical electricity and magnetism – all of the phenomena discovered by Oersted‚ Ampère‚ Henry‚ Faraday and others whose names are commemorated in several electrical
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Handbook of Formulae and Physical Constants For The Use Of Students And Examination Candidates Duplication of this material for student in-class use or for examination purposes is permitted without written approval. Approved by the Interprovincial Power Engineering Curriculum Committee and the Provincial Chief Inspectors’ Association’s Committee for the standardization of Power Engineer’s Examinations n Canada. www.powerengineering.ca Printed July 2003 Table of Contents TOPIC PAGE
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CBC w/ Differential CBC w/ Differential Fight infection Attack foreign material 4500-17000 Lifespan= hours-days Fight infection Attack foreign material 4500-17000 Lifespan= hours-days WBC Elevated: Infection‚ tissue necrosis‚ bone marrow malignancies‚ inflammation Decreased: infection‚ medications that suppress or weaken the immune system or bone marrow WBC Elevated: Infection‚ tissue necrosis‚ bone marrow malignancies‚ inflammation Decreased: infection‚ medications that suppress
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Accounting is founded on the basic equation that states a company’s Assets equal their total Liabilities plus their total Owner’s Equity . This equation is summarized as ALOE . This isthe basis of the Balance Sheet.Assets are the company’s furniture‚ fixtures and equipment‚ physical property‚ intellectual property and other resources. These properties include the physical land as well as the equipmentand building improvements on the property.A company’s liabilities
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using Equation 1. (Eqn. 1) Where is the flowrate in m3/s and A is the cross-sectional area of the pipe. To find the flowrate‚ we multiply the flowmeter reading by the constant and convert from gallons to cubic meters as follows: The cross sectional area of the 7.75mm pipe is Plugging these values into Equation 1‚ we obtain a bulk velocity . With the bulk velocity value‚ we can find the Reynolds number of the flow using Equation 2. (Eqn. 2) Plugging in known values to Equation
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Structural Equation Modeling * A Conceptual Overview * The Basic Idea Behind Structural Modeling * Structural Equation Modeling and the Path Diagram A Conceptual Overview Structural Equation Modeling is a very general‚ very powerful multivariate analysis technique that includes specialized versions of a number of other analysis methods as special cases. We will assume that you are familiar with the basic logic of statistical reasoning as described in Elementary Concepts. Moreover‚ we will
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the Pearson Correlation Coefficient (r) The Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient (r) assesses the degree that quantitative variables are linearly related in a sample. Each individual or case must have scores on two quantitative variables (i.e.‚ continuous variables measured on the interval or ratio scales). The significance test for r evaluates whether there is a linear relationship between the two variables in the population. The appropriate correlation coefficient depends on the scales
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atoms) in a gas are separated by large distances and are in constant‚ random motion. When dealing with gases‚ the Ideal Gas Law equation is the most famous equation used to relate all the factors in dealing and solving the problem. The four factors or variables for gas are: pressure (P)‚ volume (V)‚ number of mole of gas (n)‚ and temperature (T)‚ and the constant in the equation is R‚ known as the gas constant. The Ideal Gas law equation which is pV=nRT is obtained by combining the three Gas Laws:
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