Logical Fallacies Fallacies of Relevance Ad Hominem Refers to a personal attack on an arguer’s reputation or character rather than the argument itself. Usually seen in political debates Example: Teddy Roosevelt’s attacks on William Howard Taft’s obesity. Attacking the Motive Refers to focusing on an attack against an arguer’s supposed motivation or bias rather than focusing on the argument itself. Usually points to how the arguer would benefit from his own argument. Example: Flower
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Gambler’s fallacy 1 Gambler’s fallacy The Gambler’s fallacy‚ also known as the Monte Carlo fallacy (because its most famous example happened in a Monte Carlo Casino in 1913)[1] . Also referred to as the fallacy of the maturity of chances‚ which is the belief that if deviations from expected behaviour are observed in repeated independent trials of some random process‚ future deviations in the opposite direction are then more likely. For example‚ if a fair coin is tossed repeatedly and tails
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STUDENT HANDOUT LOGICAL FALLACIES Explanation of Logical Fallacies * What is logic? * Logic is reasoning that is conducted according to strict principles. * How is logic related to expository writing? * When you write an expository essay‚ you are using logic to provide the layers of proof for your statements. * You are proving your thesis when you construct your topic sentences. * e.g.‚ answering the “Why”‚ “How”‚ “What are they” questions about the
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MaryKate Hastie Mr. Perry English 101 February 13‚ 2013 Love is a Fallacy Is Max Schulman’s novel‚ Love is a Fallacy‚ anti-women or anti men? Although the answer to this question is very argumentative‚ many people would read this essay and immediately agree that this essay was written in an anti-woman perspective. However‚ there are those who would view this essay in the anti-men perspective as well. Moreover‚ neither view is 100% accurate. The story does‚ in fact‚ have a number of anti-women
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luddite fallacy is a common‚ flawed belief‚ the job-market’s ability to adapt‚ and its stimulating effect on the economy. Some work to live‚ while others live to work. Throughout the course of history‚ it is seen that humans have developed tools to aid them in working less. At the beginning of the Industrial Revolution‚ textile-workers feared their jobs would be replaced by textile machines. There
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MATERIAL FALLACIES MATERIAL FALLACIES • Fallacies of Relevance – irrelevant premises (diversion) • • • • • The appeal to populace (ad populum) The appeal to pity (ad misericordiam) The appeal to force (ad baculum) The argument against person (ad hominem) Irrelevant Conclusion • Fallacies of Defective Induction – weak premises • • • • The argument from ignorance (ad ignorantiam) The appeal to inappropriate authority (ad vericundiam) False Cause Hasty Generalization MATERIAL FALLACIES • Fallacies
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about the fallacies of logic so that Polly would be the perfect fit for the main character’s standards for a wife. It took him a night to make a perfect girl. And after that intellectual date‚ he decided to make their next dates romantic. After five nights‚ he finally had the courage to tell Polly his feelings that he loved him but he was shocked to the way Polly replied to his words‚ that is‚ in a way that she make use of the fallacies. He told her that he doesn’t have to apply the fallacies all the
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The tarn that surrounds the house is just one of the barriers that prevent contact with the outside world. Pathetic Fallacy‚ which is when nature reflects human emotions and seems to respond to human actions‚ can be seen as Roderick’s state of depression and isolation coincides with the dreary‚ dark‚ and gloomy aspects of the setting and house itself. The Usher family
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CRITICAL THINKING PSU LOGICAL FALLACIES Ad hominem or ATTACKING THE PERSON. Attacking the arguer rather than his/her argument. Example: John’s objections to capital punishment carry no weight since he is a convicted felon. Note: Saying something negative about someone is not automatically ad hominem. If a person (politician for example) is the issue‚ then it is not a fallacy to criticize him/her. Ad ignorantium or APPEAL TO IGNORANCE. Arguing on the basis of what is not known and cannot be
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Fallacies in an Argument The essay “ Death” written by an anonymous author; presented in the text Read‚ Reason‚ Write published in the year 2008‚ is an example of a fallacious argument. In “Death” the author endorses the death penalty as a viable option for New York. This essay was written as a rebuttal to the editorial titled “New York on the Brink” that was posted in the Washington post it suggested that New York should not advocate the death penalty as law. The author argues that
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