AST20211 Environment and Health UNIT 1: INTRODUCTION OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH Definition of Environment‚ Health and Disease Environmental Problems Food Borne Diseases Intervention and Control AST20211 Environment and Health What is environment…? • The sum total of our surroundings‚ including all the living and nonliving things with which we interact. • Living things • Animals‚ plants‚ forests‚ fungi‚ etc. • Nonliving things • Continents‚ oceans‚ clouds‚ soil‚ rocks •
Premium Air pollution Environmentalism United States Environmental Protection Agency
I learned in the A & P course that ear wax (or cerumen) is a waxy secretion by ceruminous gland (= modified sebaceous gland)‚ mixed with sloughed epithelial cells‚ which inhibits the growth of certain bacteria due to its acidic pH. It also protects the skin of the external auditory canal by providing a waterproof layer‚ so‚ it’s something beneficial to us. Sure enough‚ there appear to be a number of articles written to support this - "Bactericidal activity of cerumen"‚ Chai & Chai (ref 1)‚ "Bactericidal
Free Infectious disease Bacteria Microbiology
sterilized unless air is allowed to enter the vessel through an opening. Living organisms can spontaneously generate from nonliving matter. True or False? False The scientists usually given credit for disproving the theory of spontaneous generation of bacteria are: Tyndall & Pasteur Miller and Urey’s experiments attempting to recreate the prebiotic environment produced a rich mixture of complex organic chemicals from simple chemicals. True or False? True Miller and Urey’s experiments attempting to
Premium Bacteria Eukaryote
some bacteria to survive adverse environmental conditions) * Why growth occurred in experiments that disproved/proved SG * Louis Pasteur * Definitive experiment that disproved SG * Fermentation * Pasteurization: heat liquid to temp. that kills the most heat resistant pathogen but NOT all (milk) * Vaccination against Rabies (Rhabdovirus)‚ anthrax (bacillusanthracis)‚ Chicken Cholera (bacterium) * Silkworm industry * Disease (protozoan) was
Premium Bacteria Microbiology Eukaryote
are only dreams. One can dream all we like but without commitment‚ nothing can be achieved. Based on the article given‚ it proves that by devoting particular attention to pharmacodynamics‚ it enables one to understand the interaction between bacteria and antibiotics better. Such great understanding would then allow for manipulation of the drug usage‚ thereby strengthening our understanding of how to optimise antibiotic performance. Over the past decade‚ there have been numerous occasions where
Premium Bacteria Antibiotic resistance
Microorganisms and Fungi Bacteria and Viruses Viruses Vocabulary virus: A nonliving‚ infectious particle composed of a nucleic acid and a protein coat; it can invade and destroy a cell. pathogen: A virus‚ microorganism‚ or other substance that causes disease; an infectious agent. capsid: A protein sheath that surrounds the nucleic acid core in a virus. envelope: A membrane-like layer that covers the capsids of some viruses. glycoprotein: A protein to which carbohydrate
Free Bacteria Cell
Foodborne Illness What is Foodborne Illness? According to a medical dictionary‚ foodborne illness is an acute gastrointestinal infection caused by consuming food contaminated with pathogenic‚ bacteria‚ toxins‚ viruses‚ prions or parasites. Such contamination was caused by improper food handling‚ preparation or storage of food. Contacts between food and pests‚ especially flies‚ cockroaches and rodents are a further cause of contamination of food. Foodborne illness can also be caused by adding
Premium Foodborne illness Escherichia coli Bacteria
continuous overuse or misuse of effective antibiotics has led to the ongoing emergence of new antibioticresistant pathogenic bacteria [23]. The continuous vicious cycle between rapidly increasing multidrug resistance and new drug development needs intervention. Bacteriophage therapy involves the utilization of a virus as a biocontrol agent to target and destroy disease causing bacteria and is predicted to be a practicable alternative therapy because of its long history of successful use in the eastern
Premium Bacteria Immune system Antibiotic resistance
the unknown organism labeled Unknown #11 was found to be a member of the family Enterobacteriacea and Genus Serratia marcescens. INTRODUCTION The field of Microbiology is the study of microorganisms‚ including but not limited to bacteria‚ viruses‚ protozoa‚ and fungi. The exact number of identified organisms numbers in the millions. The vast majority of the aforementioned organisms are too small to be seen with the naked eye but have the potential to cause insurmountable harm to their
Premium Microbiology Bacteria Staining
pneumonia are contracted by breathing in small droplets that contain the organisms that can cause pneumonia. These droplets get into the air when a person infected with these germs coughs or sneezes. In other cases‚ pneumonia is caused when bacteria or viruses that are normally present in the mouth‚ throat‚ or nose inadvertently enter the lung. During sleep‚ it is quite common for people to aspirate secretions from the mouth‚ throat‚ or nose. Normally‚ the body’s reflex response (coughing back up
Premium Pneumonia