Probiotics Probiotics are living microscopic organisms‚ or microorganisms‚ that scientific research has shown to benefit the health. Most often they are bacteria‚ but they may also be other organisms such as yeasts. In some cases they are similar‚ or the same‚ as the “good” bacteria already in the body‚ particularly those in the gut. These good bacteria are part of the trillions of microorganisms that inhabit the bodies. This community of microorganisms is called the microbiota. Some microbiota organisms
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Planktons: groups of tiny floating organisms that cannot swim against the current. *Taxonomy: size‚ function‚ autotrophs-producers‚ heterotrophs-consumers/decomposers‚ mixotrophs‚ complex‚ symbiotic/parasitic *Small to big: femtoplankton (viruses)‚ pico (bacteria)‚ nano (diatoms‚ dinoflagellates)‚ micro(sameasnano+protozoa)‚ meso(mostly zooplankton)‚ macroplankton *Grazing food chain: Phyto->zooplk->fish *Sinking flux: dead fall to deeper ocean POM: Particulate organic material DOM: dissolved
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are inserted into lung cells of cystic fibrosis patients‚ this kind of treatment is referred to as _______________. gene therapy 29. Combining the DNA of two different organisms is called ______________ cloning. transgenic 30. Plasmids or viruses can serve as _______________ to carry foreign DNA into the host cell. vectors 31. When the method is perfected‚ it will be possible to transfer "healthy" genes into cystic fibrosis patients via aerosol inhalants to "cure" this genetic disease
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Genetic engineering in general Pros|Cons| With the discovery of DNA and unravelling the genetic code it contains‚ molecular biologists have finally come close to understanding what determines the form and function of organisms and can use this to design organisms at will. This is illustrated by the experiments on the transgenic fruit fly which has eyes on its antennae (Walter Gehring‚ Basel Biocentre‚ Switzerland. see the year 1994 in http://www.ifgene.org/history.htm ). This new technology will
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mushroom’ (common bread mold) in 1665 1 Importance of Microorganisms Microorganisms are foundation for all life on earth Have existed for ~3.5 billion years Plants‚ animals‚ modern microorganisms all evolved from ancestral bacteria Our life depends on their activities Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies‚ Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Lens Specimen holder Focus screw Handle © Kathy Talaro/Visuals Unlimited The Dispute Over Spontaneous
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outstanding medium for soil organisms such as bacteria‚ fungi‚ protozoa‚ nematodes‚ arthropods‚ and earthworms. The potential habitats of these soil invertebrates are the spaces within the surface litter‚ holes in soil aggregates and pore spaces‚ root channels‚ etc. Soil arthropods are vital link in the food chain as decomposers. They play important roles in controlling the rate of litter decomposition and in altering nutrient and energy cycle. Some protozoans and worms also contribute to the mixing‚
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YEAR 9 RESEARCH TASK: FIGHTING DISEASE 1. Suggest three ways in which foreign particles could enter the inside of your body Breathing in particles‚ cuts & wounds and through your mouth. 2. Imagine you are a microbe attacking the human body. Write a paragraph about your Invasion of the blood Stream. How did you arrive there? What line of defence did you in encounter? As I was floating through the air‚ I got breathed in to the nose. There I was brushing past some filter hairs located in the nostrils
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PERIPHERAL CIRCULATION DEFINITION: PERIPHERAL- Relating to or situated in the periphery of an organ or part of the body in relation to a specific reference point. Away from the center of the body. PERIPHERY – the part of the body away from the center. CIRCULATION –movement in the regular course‚ as the movement of the blood through the heart and vessels. PERIPHERAL CIRCULATION-transport‚ passage‚ or movement of blood away from the center (heart)‚ the route is the upper and lower extremities
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the best? B. Background information about Bacteria is that they are fast growing organisms that need to be contained. C. Independent Variables: antibacterial soap‚ household bleach‚ household disinfectant‚ penicillin‚ amoxicillin‚ erythromycin D. Dependent Variables: Hemophilus influenzae‚ Straphylococcus aureus‚ Streptococcus E. Control Variable: Sterile Filter Paper III. Hypothesis: If the most effective solution for pathogenic bacteria is household bleach‚ then the descending order
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Disposition/Food Safety: Overview of Food Microbiology July 8‚ 2011 Overview of Food Microbiology OBJECTIVES At the end of this module‚ you will be able to: 1. Explain the structural similarities and/or differences among Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria as well as their isolation and identification using serological‚ biochemical‚ and molecular techniques. 2. Identify the functions of the bacterial cell wall. 3. Identify the extrinsic and intrinsic parameters that affect bacterial growth. 4. List
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