Cell injury In this topic we are going to cover Cell injury Causes of cell injury Mechanism of cell injury Morphologic alterations in cell injury Morphologic types of necrosis Objectives Describe cell injury List the causes of cell injury Discuss how depletion of ATP causes cell injury Describe how mitochondrial damage cause cell injury Explain the mechanism of cell injury by free radicals Discuss how calcium ion influx cause cell injury Cell injury cell injury results when cells
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CELL INJURY: CAUSES OF CELL INJURY‚ MECHANISMS OF REVERSIBLE AND IRREVERSIBLE CELL INJURY. CELL INJURY. Causes of cell injury range from gross mechanical external causes to mild endogenous causes as genetic lack of enzymes etc. Virtually all forms of tissue injuries start with molecular or structural alterations in cells. Under normal conditions‚ the cells are in: ❖ homeostastatic „steady“ state Normal cell is confined to relatively narrow range of functions and structure by
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to understanding cell injury and cell death regardless of the injuring agent” (Heuther & McCance‚ 2012). Cellular injury arises when a cell is unable to sustain homeostasis. The injury can be reversed if the cell can recover from whatever damage was done but if it does not recover the cell will die. The three common forms of cell injury are hypoxic injury‚ free radicals and reactive oxygen species injury‚ and chemical injury. The most common form of cell injury is hypoxic injury‚ or hypoxia‚ the
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2: Cellular Processes Background Information: Cell Transport When molecules move from a high to low concentration it is called moving DOWN the concentration gradient. When molecules move from a low to high concentration it is called moving AGAINST the concentration gradient. When the concentration of a solute is the same throughout a system‚ the system is at EQUILIBRIUM. What kind of transport DOES NOT require energy? PASSIVE What kind of transport requires energy? ACTIVE Which CELL PART
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P Sickle Cell Anemia [pic] Sickle Cell Anemia is an inherited disease characterized by periods of relative health alternating with episodes of severe illness caused when sickle shaped [pic]red blood cells block small blood vessels. According to the encyclopedia here’s the pathophysiology of the disease; Sickle cell anemia is caused by a mutation in the B globin chain of hemoglobin‚ causing the amino acid glutamic acid to be replaced with the hydrophobic amino acid valine at the sixth
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HPRS 2301 PATHOPHYSIOLOGY CHAPTER 4 – Diseases and Conditions of the Endocrine System Orderly Function of the Endocrine System Two Systems Interaction-as one system starts‚ ends‚ or extends the activity of the other. Nervous System-creates an immediate but short lived response‚operating on the priciples of electricity through impulse conduction. Endocrine System- has a slightly slower onset and a longer duration of action‚ and uses highly specific and powerful hormones to control its
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Pathophysiology Final exam review FILL IN THE BLANKS 1. The study of diseases that can cause abnormalities in the structure of function of the organ systems in the body is _____________. 2. The measurable characteristics that the patient exhibits as a result of the disease process are referred to as _____________. 3. The characteristics that the patient feels and describes as a result of a disease are ______. 4. Alterations of cell growth are known as ________. 5. Adverse patient conditions
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There are four common themes when looking at cell injury and death. These themes include adenosine triphosphate depletion‚ oxygen derived free radicals‚ calcium alterations‚ and defects in membrane permeability. Cells are unable to properly function if they lack certain important cell factors. ATP depletion A cell needs mitochondrial adenosine triphosphate in order to function properly which is why when a cell is injured or dying‚ a common theme seen is lost or decreased ATP. ATP loss or a deduction
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Associate Program Material Cell Energy Worksheet Answer the following questions: Cellular respiration: • What is cellular respiration and what are its three stages? Cellular respiration is the set of the metabolic reactions and processes that take place in the cells of organisms to convert biochemical energy from nutrients into adenosine triphosphate (ATP)‚ and then release waste products. The reactions involved in respiration are catabolic reactions that involve the redox reaction
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neck swellings and management of more common swellings encountered in young children. Introduction: Swellings of the neck are a common diagnostic challenge for physicians. A basic understanding of the anatomy of neck structures and a systematic way would enable a correct diagnosis in a quick and safe way. Familiarity with pathology and a thorough examination technique will allow for a working diagnosis on occasion. Hypothesis: This study will ascertain the shape and size of swelling in the
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