PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION Mechanisms of Occlusion Most MIs are caused by a disruption in the vascular endothelium associated with an unstable atherosclerotic plaque that stimulates the formation of an intracoronary thrombus‚ which results in coronary artery blood flow occlusion. If such an occlusion persists long enough (20 to 40 min)‚ irreversible myocardial cell damage and cell death will occur.5 The development of atherosclerotic plaque occurs over a period of years to decades
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Pathophysiology Infection and inflammation of the kidneys is called pyelonephritis. Pyelonephritis is a type of urinary tract infection. E. coli is the most common microbe that causes pyelonephritis. It usually begins in the urethra or bladder and travels to the kidneys. There is a chance of it spreading to the calyces and medullary tissues such as the tubules of the nephrons. If not treated the glomeruli will also be infected and inflamed. (Bullock & Hales 2013). There is both acute pyelonephritis
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causes such as arrhythmia or myocardial infarction. Mr. KH ’s presentation during the attack was also consistent with criteria and symptoms of situational syncope‚ specifically cough syncope. Syncope is classified according to its suspected pathophysiology as follows: Neurally-mediated reflex syncopal syndrome referring to a reflex that‚ when triggered‚ gives rise to vasodilation and bradykardia (1) Orthostatic syncope occurring when the autonomic nervous system is incapacitated resulting
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HCR240 Human Pathophysiology Lesson 1 Quiz This assignment is worth 40 points. Please make sure you have answered all questions prior to submitting. Once you click the submit button‚ you will not be able to return. Question 1 of 40 A 9-year-old patient is admitted to a pediatric unit with Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Which of the following traits was this condition inherited from? Sex-linked dominant Sex-influenced Sex-limited Sex-linked recessive Question 2 of 40 A 70-year-old
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Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or COPD is an umbrella term that refers to a group of lung diseases that block airflow during exhalation‚ which makes it increasingly difficult to breath. Emphysema and chronic asthmatic bronchitis are the two main conditions that make up COPD. In all cases that damage to the airways eventually interferes with the exchange of the oxygen and carbon dioxide in the lungs (mayo). COPD is the third leading cause of death in the United States. It is estimated that
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Obesity and COPD are chronic health conditions with an increasing incidence globally. They are the major causes for increasing morbidity and mortality. COPD is diagnosed with the use of spirometry and BMI is used for the diagnosis of obesity (1). In the United States‚ 6% of adults have Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) and 35% are obese (2). There are cases present where patients have comorbid COPD and obesity. Pulmonary issues are associated with obesity‚ some of which include a decrease
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Social Implications for Patient’s with COPD SCI207: Social Implications of Medical Issues August 1‚ 2011 Social Implications for Patient’s with COPD CASE 1 Mr. L.‚ a 55-year-old bartender in a large metropolitan area‚ has been a heavy smoker for 40 years. He was diagnosed as having COPD 7 years ago. Mr. L. lives in the city and takes the city bus to work‚ although he still has to walk about three blocks to the bar where he works. He has found it increasingly difficult to walk the three
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I took care of N. 68 year’s old female who was admitted to the Medical-Subacute unit for COPD exacerbation treatment. When the patient’s COPD exacerbation was treated‚ she wanted to go out for a smoke. The patient was a long time smoker prior to admission and has decided to continue smoking‚ despite encouraging. Moreover‚ the patient argued that smoking helps her to cope with depression and socialize with people. Therefore‚ going outside the hospital building for smoking makes her more physically
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Exam Case Scenario Pathophysiology of Asthma Asthma is a chronic lung disease characterized by episodes in which the bronchioles constrict due to oversensitivity. In asthma‚ the airways (bronchioles) constrict making it difficult to get air in or out of the lungs. Breathlessness is the main symptom. The bronchi and bronchioles become inflamed and constricted. Asthmatics usually react to triggers. Triggers are substances and situations that would not normally trouble an asthma free person. Asthma
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However‚ according from my knowledge and the lecture I had learned. The risk factors for COPD are from smoking‚ air pollution‚ working in the industrial‚ which is deal with chemicals or ducts‚ and most common in people age of 40 years old who have a history of smoking. By talking to him and looking through his medical history there no past
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