(2013) New Insights into the pathogenesis of renal calculi. Urologic Clinics of North America‚ 40‚ (1). Pp. 1-12. Craft‚ J.‚ Gordon‚ C.‚ Tiziani‚ A.‚ Huether‚ S.‚ McCance‚ K.‚ and Brashers‚ V. (Eds.). 2010. Understanding Pathophysiology. Chatswood‚ NSW:
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GDF15/MIC-1 is a product of macrophage activation‚ suggesting that it may be involved in chronic inflammatory processes (-). GDF15 is a stress-responsive member of the TGF-β superfamily and initially described as macrophage inhibitory cytokine (-). Although GDF15 has been described in many solid tumors for almost 10 years‚ the nature of its receptor is still unknown. There is some evidence of Smad signaling pathway activation‚ suggesting GDF15 may act through TGF-β receptor superfamily pathways (-)
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HSC 4555 Spring 2015 Case Study Example A.S. was recently diagnosed with Hodgkin disease and scheduled for a staging procedure. His previous axillary lymph node biopsy result was positive for Reed-Sternberg cells. The surgeon charted the results of the staging procedure as “stage I.” Discussion Questions 1. What is the purpose of the staging procedure for A.S.? Staging system establishes a correlation between anatomic extent of disease and prognosis. Staging is used to determine the most appropriate
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When I began my undergraduate nursing career‚ I had the opportunity to be exposed to the full range of nursing courses‚ all of which reinforced and solidified my intense interest in nursing. In the realm of nursing‚ I have developed a special interest in the field of nurse anesthesia. As an RN‚ I know I only scratching the surface of physiologically comprehending my patients more wholly. And this is the motivation behind pursuing CRNA school. A very unfathomable desire exists to learn more about
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What type of reaction is the health care provider concerned about and why? The health care provider in this patient scenario is concerned that E.O. might have type 1-hypersensitivity. The patient has indications of this reaction as written in the provided patient history. Having an allergy to bee stings‚ and being a diagnosed asthma patient makes the Health care provider cautious in prescribing E.O. a course of penicillin‚ which is a broad spectrum antibiotic and a possible cause of human anaphylaxis
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Atrial Fibrillation and the clinical impact Atrial Fibrillation (AFib) is most frequent cardiac arrhythmias that characterized by extremely rapid irregular atrial rhythm; resulted from ectopic focal impulses production. An estimated prevalence of 33.5 million people suffering from AFib with the incidence of 5 million new cases annually. Associate with the substantial clinical complications like heart failure‚ embolus such as cerebral emboli with a portion of 25%-30% of all acute ischemic stroke
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flashes present as episodic sensation of heat‚ intense sweating flushing over face‚ neck and upper chest followed by palpitation and anxiety [4]. Each episodes of VMS lasted for 3-10 minutes and reoccurred with varying frequency per day [6]. The pathophysiology of VMS still unknown but it was thought that the withdrawal of estrogen rather than the lower level of estrogen is responsible for central thermoregulatory dysfunction and VMS to occur [7]. This mechanism is regulated by many neurotransmitters
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disorder with some having sickle cell trait and some having sickle cell disease. The sickle hemoglobin gene is known as the HbS gene. It is found predominantly in people of African descent and occasionally in those of Mediterranean descent. Pathophysiology The defective hemoglobin molecule assumes a sickle shape when it is exposed to low oxygen tension. These long‚ rigid red blood cells then become lodged in the small vessels and obstruct blood flow. If ischemia or infarction results‚ the patient
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acute episodes of exacerbations. Mr Jones’ worsened health condition and physical symptoms will be assessed in the light of his medical history. The author will also analyse the relevant literature and relate the clinical management not only to pathophysiology but also to the evidence base and clinical practice. The importance of providing patient-centered care will be emphasised in areas of consent and privacy and dignity of the patient. Responsibility and accountability in nursing profession will
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The Poisonwood Bible contains many themes throughout the novel. It is interesting to see how the characters react towards certain themes‚ especially the theme regarding justice and injustice in the Congo as well as globally. Justice can be defined by many as the quality of being just or righteous. Most of the Price family reacts to this in the same way‚ but Adah responds in sort of a different way. Adah Price is a very intelligent girl. Although intelligent‚ she isn’t the compassionate one between
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