Hypertension Normal ABP : the pressure exerted by blood on the vessel wall of the arterial system from the beginning of the aorta to the start of the arterioles‚ it is about 120 mmHg systolic and 80 mmHg diastolic. Arterial blood pressure (ABP) = cardiac output (CO) X total peripheral resistance Hypertension : sustained elevation of the systemic ABP > 139 mmHg systolic & > 89 mmHg diastolic. Therefore : so long as CO is constant is relatively constant ; a change in the ABP is mainly due
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Topic 1: Subject‚ tasks and methods of pathophysiology. General nosology‚ etiology and pathogenesis. 1. A 49-year-old man was suffering 12 years ago from rheumatic myocarditis‚ endocarditis‚ and insufficiency of mitral valve. Examinations showed the absence of inflammatory process‚ sufficient minute blood volume. What is it? A. Pathological reaction B. Pathological process C. Typical pathological process D. Compensatory reaction E. Pathological
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Pathophysiology of Glaucoma – Glaucoma is “a disease of the eye in which fluid pressure within the eye rises - if left untreated the patient may lose vision‚ and even become blind. The disease generally affects both eyes‚” Medical News Today (2012). The anterior chamber is a small space located in front of the eye. Clear fluid (aqueous humor) flows in and out of this chamber‚ as the fluid flows it nourishes and bathes nearby tissues. Persons who suffer from glaucoma have problem with this fluid.
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Pathophysiology of Coronary Artery Disease Atherosclerosis is a type of arteriosclerosis caused by a build-up of plaque in the inner lining of an artery. (Arteriosclerosis is a general term for thickening or hardening of the arteries.) (Porth 2005) Plaque is made up of deposits of fatty substances‚ cholesterol‚ cellular waste products‚ calcium‚ and fibrin‚ and can develop in medium or large arteries. The artery wall becomes thickened and looses its elasticity. (Fraser 2000) The wall of an artery
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Pathophysiology of the human immunodeficiency virus Nancy R. Calles‚ MSN‚ RN‚ PNP‚ ACRN‚ MPH Desiree Evans‚ MD‚ MPH DeLouis Terlonge‚ MD Objectives 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Provide an overview of the healthy immune system. Describe the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Describe the major components of the HIV life cycle. Identify the various HIV types and subtypes. Discuss HIV’s effects on the immune system. Overview The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a retrovirus belonging to the family of lentiviruses
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This particular job did not require us to attend under emergency response‚ this immediately made me feel relaxed and able to focus on my existing knowledge of respiratory pathophysiology. I foolishly had not anticipated any real worries or concerns‚ as it appeared to be a straightforward transportation from GP surgery to hospital. On arrival I was surprised to find the patient unattended and untreated in a room with no HCP present. I felt extremely concerned there had been no monitoring performed
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urine which is a warning sign for renal damage. She was placed on magnesium sulfate to help treat her hypertension and as prophylaxis for seizures. She stated she was unaware of her blood pressure until she was admitted. She also stated she is very active and is involved in high school sports and coaching and was very surprised to learn about how increased her blood pressure had become. Hypertension does not run in her family but there is a history of arthritis and cancer among her grandparents.
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Pathophysiology Exam 1: Immunity Objectives 1) Describe the cell functions of the Immune System: Lymphocytes- small white blood cells that are responsible for much of the work of the immune system. Three types: Natural Killer Cells-NK cells provide rapid responses to virally infected cells and respond to tumor formation. NK cells are unique bc they have the ability to recognize stressed cells in the absence of antibodies and MHC‚ allowing for a much faster immune reaction. Trigger phagocytes
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PRESENTATION BY: GIZELLE WILKINSON SUBJECT: ESSENTIAL HYPERTENSION STUDENT NUMBER: M00037713 CLINICAL SCIENCES II INTRODUCTION Essential hypertension‚ otherwise known as primary or idiopathic hypertension‚ is a condition of raised blood pressure with no identifiable cause. Secondary hypertension occurs when blood pressure elevation results from a specific and potentially treatable cause. These include renal diseases‚ endocrine causes‚ congenital cardiovascular causes
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Anatomy and Physiology 1. Bone – Bones are made up of different types of tissues and join together to form the skeleton of the body. Their primary purpose is to provide structure for the body and to protect organs. It also serves as a storage site for minerals as well as producing and storing blood cells. The three different tissues that bones are composed of are: a. Compact Tissue – The dense outer tissue in a bone. b. Cancellous Tissue – The sponge like tissue inside the
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