NS 3205 Study Guide for Final Exam Chapter 42 Care of Patients with Hematologic Problems 1. Identify the etiologies and clinical manifestations common to all types of anemia. (See Table 42-1 p 870 and Chart 42-1 p 871) Common Cause Sickle cell disease: autosomal recessive inheritance of two defective gene alleles for hemoglobin synthesis Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency anemia: X-linked recessive deficiency of enzyme G6PD Autoimmune hemolytic anemia: abnormal
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dysfunction * Renal dysfunction * Skin dysfunction Although the cause‚ initial presentation‚ and management strategies vary for each type of shock‚ the physiologic responses of the cells to hypoperfusion are similar. Relationship of shock‚ systemic inflammatory response syndrome‚ and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome. CNS‚ Central nervous system. cardiogenic shock shock occurring when either systolic or diastolic dysfunction of the myocardium results in compromised cardiac output either
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following assignment I will be reviewing the evidence relating to the use of milrinone‚ a phosphodiesterase inhibitor that is commonly used to increase cardiac output in children after cardiac surgery. I will focus on LCOS in children and the pathophysiology surrounding this. I will also examine the biological action of milrinone and how it has been shown to increase cardiac output in children after
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The most common infection in the health care setting is Clostridium difficile (C. difficile) and it is associated with sky rocketing hospital costs‚ deaths and complications. (Zacharioudakis‚ et al.‚ 2015) According to studies released in the United States by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in 2015‚ the current economic burden of infectious C. difficile has become the most common microbial cause of recurrent antibiotic-associated diarrhea and other gastrointestinal illnesses
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D.‚ Guyatt‚ G. (2001). Colloid use for fluid resuscitation: Evidence and spin. Ann Intern Med 2001; 135:205–208. Dellinger‚ P‚ R.‚ Carlet‚ J‚ M.‚ Masur‚ H.‚ Gerlach‚ H.‚ Calandra‚ T.‚ Cohen‚ J. et al. (2004). Surviving Sepsis Campaign guidelines for the management of severe sepsis and septic shock. Critical care medicine. 2004; Vol 32‚ No 3. Department of Health (2000). The NHS Plan. London: The Stationary Office Department of Health (2005) Elsurer‚ R.‚ Sezer‚ S.‚ Ozdemir‚ N‚ F.‚ Akgul‚ A.‚ Arat
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Inguinal Hernias Case: Mr. Strain‚ a 45-year-old man‚ who while trying to show his wife how strong he was‚ strained to pick up a particularly heavy coffee table. He suddenly felt a sharp pain in his right groin. Later‚ he noticed that a painful bulge had developed in his groin which disappeared when he was on his back. After several months‚ the pain and the bulge in his groin increased and he finally agreed to see a physician. On exam‚ you observe a swelling which begins about midway between the
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Symptoms of sepsis are usually nonspecific and include fever‚ chills‚ and constitutional symptoms of fatigue‚ malaise‚ anxiety‚ or confusion.[12] These symptoms are not pathognomonic for infection and may also be observed in a wide variety of noninfectious inflammatory conditions. In addition‚ they may be absent in patients with serious infections‚ especially in elderly individuals. Because systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS)‚ sepsis‚ septic shock‚ and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome
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injuries to either skin (caused by heat‚ electricity‚ or chemicals)‚ or respiratory tract (caused by inhalation of smoke or hot particles). According to the CDC someone in the United States sustained burn injuries every 30 minutes (CDC‚ 2013). Pathophysiology The cell and tissue damage noted in burns is a result of exposure to temperatures above 44⁰C‚ which cause proteins to denature (Hettiaratchy & Dziewulski‚ 2004). This breakdown causes tissue necrosis; the necrotic area is known as the zone of
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Renal Failure Kidneys are unable to remove accumulated metabolites from the blood which leads to altered fluid‚ electrolyte‚ and acid-base balance The cause may be a primary kidney disorder or secondary to a systemic disease May be acute or chronic Acute Abrupt onset and with prompt intervention is often reversible Chronic Develops slowly‚ is the end stage‚ and is not reversible Azotemia Nitrogen (protein) waste in the blood Acute Renal Failure A rapid decline in renal function with
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Steven-Johnson Syndrome: Pathogenesis‚ Diagnosis‚ and Management Traci Segar Winona State University Steven-Johnson Syndrome: Pathogenesis‚ Diagnosis‚ and Management In 1976 I was diagnosed with Steven-Johnson Syndrome. I was two weeks shy of my third birthday. I developed a sore throat and was given my first penicillin injection. My parents tell me that‚ several days later‚ I spiked a fever and complained that my arms and legs hurt. I was refusing to move and didn’t want to eat anything
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