Coagulation. Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation‚ also known as DIC‚ is a pathological activation of blood clotting mechanisms that may happen in response to a variety of diseases‚ or illnesses. However‚ DIC‚ is most commonly observed in severe sepsis and septic shock. DIC is not a specific illness‚ rather it is a complication or an effect of the progression of other illnesses or diseases. (Porth‚ 2011). When the body becomes injured‚ certain proteins in your blood become activated and travel
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delivery while preventing fluid overload which can exacerbate the pulmonary edema. Renal dysfunction The primary mechanism leading to the development of ARF appears to be acute tubular necrosis.This may result from toxins‚ including antibiotics‚ sepsis or long-standing hypovolaemia with resultant cellular ischemia and hypoxia resulting in damage to the glomerulus‚ renal tubular cells and the renal vasculature. Debris and casts in the tubular lumen can obstruct the renal tubules with the proximal
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It is believed that these changes are due to the interaction between fetal and maternal allografts and result in systemic and local vascular changes. It has been shown that in patients with eclampsia‚ the development of uteroplacental arteries is hindered. Hindrance of cerebral blood flow regulation: It is believed that in eclampsia there is abnormal cerebral blood
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▪Secondary glomerular diseases that can have systemic effects include lupus erymatosus‚ Goodpasture’s syndrome (caused by antibodies to the glomerular basement membrane)‚ diabetic glomerulosclerosis and amyloidosis. PATHOPHYSIOLOGY ▪Kidneys are reduced to as little as one-fifth their normal size (consisting largely of fibrous tissue). ▪The cortex layer shrinks to 1-2mm in thickness or
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decide what type of treatment is best for the burn. The depth of burn estimates what layers of the skin are affected. There isn’t any other special diagnostic tests needed. The primary cause of death is due to secondary infection‚ such as‚ pulmonary sepsis. According to eMedicine‚
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Decreased cardiac output related to vasodilation. Nursing Diagnosis 3. Impaired gas exchange related to shortness of breath. 4. Decreased cardiac output related to vasodilation. Collaborative Diagnosis 1. Systemic vascular collapse Collaborative Diagnosis 1. Systemic vascular collapse Risk Factors 1. Penicillin sensitivity 2. Transfusion reaction 3. Bee sting allergy 4. Severe allergy to some foods or medications Risk Factors 1. Penicillin sensitivity 2. Transfusion reaction
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inflammation from obstruction of CBD or cystic duct‚ cholangitis is infection of the biliary tree. Anatomy Pathophysiology Three types of stones‚ cholesterol‚ pigment‚ mixed. Formation of each types is caused by crystallization of bile. Cholesterol stones most common. Bile consists of lethicin‚ bile acids‚ phospholipids in a fine balance. Impaired motility can predispose to stones. Pathophysiology Sludge is crystals without stones. It may be a first step in stones‚ or be independent of it. Pigment
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Toxemia: A Systemic Effect on Pregnancy Toxemia is a medical term that is being used less and less today. Preeclampsia is now the preferred term used by medical professions‚ to classify a group of symptoms that can occur during pregnancy and postpartum. The severity of the disorder is often misunderstood. In the next few pages‚ preeclampsia; also known as toxemia‚ will be discussed and explained in its entirety. The focus will be on the pathophysiology‚ nursing management‚ and community resources
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Extra-Corporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) is a life-saving treatment for severe respiratory failure irresponsive to mechanical ventilation‚ associated or not with haemodynamic instability‚ and its application fields are widening to refractory sepsis and also to elective thoracic procedures. ECMO is replacing conventional cardio-pulmonary by-pass (CPB) even during lung transplantation due to its potential advantages: the absence of full-anticoagulation and the possibility of maintaining the extra-corporeal
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(1) Definition: Lung inflammation caused by bacterial or viral infection. (2) Pathophysiology: Pneumonia is an excess of fluid in the lungs resulting from an inflammatory process. It is an acute infection of the alveoli. This is a global problem‚ and the WHO (World Health Organization) suggests that it is the most common cause of death in children and that 1.4 million die each year as a result of pneumonia. Pneumonia may also occur as a complication in hospital settings‚ secondary to surgery.
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