Diabetic macular edema is a serious complication of Diabetes Milletus‚ with a prevalence of 6.81% worldwide‚ affecting 21 million people. The release of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor‚ which is thought to be the main factor in the pathogenesis‚ leads to disruption of blood-retinal barrier‚ leading to accumulation of sub- and intra- retinal fluid‚ in the inner and outer plexiform layer. Muller cell‚ pericyte and glial cell dysfunction also contribute to the development of macular edema. Macular
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Pressure ulcers are “ischemic wounds in the skin and underlying tissues caused by long-standing pressure force over an external bone or cartilaginous surface” (Guillén-Solà 2013). Pressure ulcers are a challenging part of the healthcare system due to prolong patient hospitalization and a reduction in the patient’s quality of life‚ since many patients that are in the hospital are there for either chronic conditions or intensive surgery‚ which may require an extensive and long term stay. Moreover‚
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discount the truth accompanying these little eating deal breakers – that they are painful and awful. Scientifically called apthous ulcer‚ canker sores are tiny open holes that can emerge on any part of the mouth‚ mostly on gums‚ tongue and cheeks. These round mouth ulcers usually measures from three to ten millimeters and can be yellow‚ white in color being surrounded by swollen ring that’s red in color. These mouth irritations ca stay from up to 10 days. The pain subsides as days progress and will
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COMPARE AND CONTRAST OF TWO TALES Joyce Carol Oates “The Girl With the Blackened Eye” was a narrative depicting a story about a teenage girl who had experienced tragedy at the age fifteen. The narrator‚ the character had endured what is believed to be eight days of physical and mental abuse from her abductor. She was violated and ripped of all her value. Oates displayed graphic and realistic detail so that the reader would have a clear understanding and visual of what had occurred. In William Faulkner’s
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Pressure Ulcer Prevention Capstone Project Milestone # 4: Pressure Ulcer Prevention Introduction Pressure ulcers continue to be a prevalent issue in the health care system and causes “pain‚ slow recovery from morbid conditions‚ infection and death” (Kwong‚ Pang‚ Aboo‚ & Law‚ 2009‚ p. 2609). In the field of nursing turning and repositioning patients is a well-known nursing intervention to prevent development of pressure ulcers. However‚ many hospitals and facilities still neglect to apply
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Patients afflicted with diabetes are at risk for a variety of pathologies resulting in many complications including foot ulceration and amputation. The multi-factorial etiology of diabetic foot ulcers is evidenced by the numerous pathophysiologic pathways that can potentially lead to this disorder. A multicenter study attributed 63 percent of diabetic foot ulcers to the critical triad of peripheral sensory neuropathy‚ deformity‚ and trauma (Reiber‚ et al.‚ 1999). The following discusses the pathophysiology
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# 31: Collects information on patient using assessment skills of observation‚ interview‚ history taking‚ interpretation of laboratory data‚ mental health assessment‚ and physical assessment‚ including inspection‚ palpation‚ auscultation‚ and percussion. What I learned: This week I performed a head to toe assessment on a patient returned from surgery for Lap appendectomy. Assessment included patient’s pulse and respiratory rate‚ blood pressure‚ temperature and level of consciousness. Additional assessment
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As part of your treatment plan‚ your care team will discuss with you the best way to prevent pressure ulcers. This will be based on your individual circumstances. However‚ you may find that the general advice outlined below is helpful. Changing position Making regular and frequent changes to your position is one of the most effective ways of preventing pressure ulcers. If a pressure ulcer has already developed‚ regularly changing position will help to avoid putting further pressure on it‚ and
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Calculating the Probability of a Type II Error To properly interpret the results of a test of hypothesis requires that you be able to judge the pvalue of the test. However‚ to do so also requires that you have an understanding of the relationship between Type I and Type II errors. Here‚ we describe how the probability of a Type II error is computed. A Type II error occurs when a false null hypothesis is not rejected. For example‚ if a rejection region
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ACSM POSITION STAND: TYPE 2 DIABETES & EXERCISE Albright et al.‚ 2000 • • Physical activity is an underutilised therapy Favourable changes in glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity usually deteriorate within 72 h of the last exercise session: consequently‚ regular physical activity is imperative to sustain glucose-lowering effects and improved insulin sensitivity Individuals with type 2 diabetes should strive to achieve a minimum cumulative total of 1‚000 kcal per week from physical activities
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