Arthrobacter simplex Mycobacterium Escherichia coli (via recombinant DNA technology) Polysaccharides Dextran Xanthan gum Leuconostoc mesenterioes Xanthomonas campestris Pharmaceuticals Penicillum chrysogenum Cephalosporium acremonium Streptomyces Penicillins Cephalosporins Amphotericin B‚ kanamycins‚ Neomycins‚ streptomycin‚ Tetracyclines and others Gramicidin 5 Bacitracin Polymyxin B Steroid transformation Steroid transformation Steroid transformation Insulin‚ human growth bormone‚ somatostain‚ interferon
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Throughout case two‚ there are many medications mentioned. Some of the medications do not directly pertain to the patient‚ BB‚ and are instead prescribed for his brother‚ SB. However‚ it is important to go through each and every drug in this case in order to better understand why certain drugs were prescribed and their impact on the clinical outcomes of both BB and his brother SB. Additionally‚ it is important to remember the patient’s age when evaluating these drugs as some may not be appropriate
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CORRECTED COPY HEALTH HAZARDS ASSOCIATED WITH ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE PATTERN DUE TO ANTIMICROBIAL MISUSE IN AFRICA BY SAIKI ADINOYI MUSA A GRADUATE SEMINAR PRESENTED TO THE DEPARTMENT OF EPIDEMIOLOGY AND COMMUNITY HEALTH‚ FACULTY OF CLINICAL SCIENCES‚ COLLEGE OF HEALTH SCIENCES‚ UNIVERSITY OF ILORIN‚ ILORIN‚ KWARA STATE‚ NIGERIA IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE AWARD OF MASTERS DEGREE IN PUBLIC HEALTH (MPH) SUPERVISOR PROF. A. O. AWOYEMI MB.BS (Ibadan)‚ MPH (Lagos)
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immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Syphilis has been traced back to times as early as 1905‚ when Schauddin and Hoffmann drew attention to the pathogenic agent. The incidence rose heavily during World War II‚ but dropped after with the introduction of penicillin. The lowest levels of incidence were during the 1950s. During the 1970s the numbers of the infected males have spread rapidly due to the fact that many men were having sexual intercourse with other men. Around the 1980s‚ the numbers of
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polyester‚ plastic‚ and aluminum with an internal power system that ensured it consistently beat at least 100‚000 times a day pumping blood through the body. The Jarvik devices were implanted to sustain patients waiting for transplants. 2) Penicillin Penicillin was discovered accidentally by Sir Alexander Fleming in 1928 at St. Mary’s hospital in London when he forgot to clean a Petri dish before leaving on vacation. Fleming’s experimentation with the left-behind mold led him to discover its dissolving
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and urinary tract infections. The pharmacology of the cephalosporins is similar to that of the penicillins‚ excretion being principally renal. The principal side-effect of the cephalosporins is hypersensitivity and about 0.5–6.5% of penicillin-sensitive patients will also be allergic to the cephalosporins. If a cephalosporin is essential in patients with a history of immediate hypersensitivity to penicillin‚ because a suitable alternative antibacterial is not available‚ then cefixime‚ cefotaxime‚ ceftazidime
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Freedman disagrees with the view of equipoise because he believes that “Equipoise doesn’t not depend on uncertainty in the physician but on the genuine disagreement in the medical community about a treatment’s value because of a lack of good evidence gleaned from randomized clinical trials” (259). According to critics‚ equipoise is lost when a physician has a slight belief that one treatment is inferior to the other. Freedman disagrees and believes that equipoise is disrupted when there is a large
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men knew whether or not they were infected; the men were not informed about penicillin; and all the men were denied access to penicillin when it became available in 1943 (Head‚ 2012). The study was originally established to last six months. Unfortunately‚ the study lingered on for 40 years. The researchers involved in the study felt the only way to know how syphilis affects the body was to prohibit access to penicillin and study the corpse of the men who died from the disease throughout the duration
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sensitivity to many antibiotics including tetracyclin and kanamycin (19). Antibiotic resistance means the abililty of a microorganism to withstand the effects of an antibiotics(20). The isolated were showed sensitivity towards ampicillin‚ chloramphenicol‚ penicillin‚ streptomycin‚ sulphatriad confirms the differnce in response between the isolates should reflect natural
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of his glass plates had started to grow mold. He noticed that none of the bacteria were on or around the mold. It led him to study the mold to find out what it was that was causing the bacteria to stop growing. His discovery turned out to be penicillin. With this drug‚ we were able to stop infections from happening‚ able to start doing “routine” surgeries (like setting broken bones or removing kidneys)‚ and use the medicine that Fleming discovered to stop the infections in their tracks. The
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