Market penetration Depth of sales of a particular product in a given market. The deeper the penetration‚ the higher the volume of product sales. In order to expand the sales of current products in markets where their products are already being sold‚ marketers utilize market penetration strategies such as cutting prices‚ increasing advertising‚ obtaining better store or shelf positions for their products‚ or innovative distribution tactics. Market penetration (existing markets‚ existing products):
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entities interact and come into equilibrium - Topics 11-12. 4. Market equilibrium changing biz environment - Industry analysis: strategic groups/the five forces model - Industry structure and firms behaviour - Topic 2‚ 7 - . 5. Information implications to managerial operation/selling - for example‚ what if there is asymmetric infor b/ owners and managers or - b/ sellers and buyers - Topics 11-12. 6. Market structure and rivalry - various oligopoly firms behaviours
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BONDS MARKET IN INDIA What are Bonds? A bond is a debt security in which the authorized issuer owes the holders a debt and‚ depending on the terms of the bond‚ is obliged to pay interest (the coupon) and/or to repay the principal at a later date‚ termed maturity. A bond is a formal contract to repay borrowed money with interest at fixed intervals. Thus a bond is like a loan: the issuer is the borrower (debtor)‚ the holder is the lender (creditor)‚ and the coupon is the interest. Bonds have a maturity
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MONEY MARKET The money market is a component of the financial markets for assets involved in short-term borrowing and lending with original maturities of one year or shorter time frames. Trading in the money markets involves Treasury bills‚ commercial paper‚ bankers’ acceptances‚ certificates of deposit‚ federal funds‚ and short-lived mortgage- and asset-backed securities. It provides liquidity funding for the global financial system. Money markets and capital markets are parts of financial
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TARGET MARKETS Market Analysis Target Market - Your target customers are those who are most likely to buy from you. Target Marketing can– Help in Clearer understanding of markets needs‚ wants and desires More specific and effective use of marketing resources (e.g. budget‚ time expertise) More strategic approach Maximize profit. Importance Steps of Market Analysis: Market Segmentation Market Size Market Dynamics Competitors Historical Background Emerging Trends Market Share
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reach different markets or to promote your products to different locations or people one has to use a method called market segmentation. "Market segmentation describes the division of a market into homogenous groups which will respond differently to promotions‚ communications‚ advertising and other marketing mix variable" (Cumming). Market segmentation is extremely important for companies around the world. If a company doesn’t research the area in which they are going to market or they put a product
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the following from the specification: • The range of market structures • How costs and revenues vary in different market structures • Changes in costs and revenues in different market structures The range of market structures |Type |Perfect competition |Imperfect competition |Oligopoly |Monopoly | |Example |Financial markets and |Small service sectors‚ |Supermarket chains
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The market mechanism must allow such adjustments and reallocations of economic inputs‚ which are not painless to market participants. The awesome complexity and dynamism of a market economy‚ however‚ require laws‚ rules‚ and norms‚ based on transparency and openness that encourage and facilitate economic interchange and that at the same time take into account the fact that‚ because market participants are human and thus not perfect‚ some degree of governmental intervention in the “free” market is
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Hanna Jurkowska Question 1 Economic inefficiency in the market arises when manufacturers do not supply the required type or quantity of a goods and services on the market which are demanded by consumers and that will lead to Market Failure. We can identify 3 causes of market failure: 1. Restricted Competition – The UK Government investigates and if necessary stops monopolies and mergers‚ cartels and restrictive trade practice‚ because good competition between companies (producers) leads to
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being introduced in 1935‚ in fact‚ an estimated one-half billion people have played it. It has taught the multitudes what they know about how an economy works. The problem is that the game seriously misrepresents how an actual market economy operates. To review‚ in the free market‚ Mises wrote‚ "Neither the entrepreneurs nor the farmers nor the capitalists determine what has to be produced. The consumers do that. . . . Their buying and their abstention from buying decides who should own and run the plants
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