Strategic Management PepsiCo 2008 Case Study Introduction This project aims to analyse the diversification strategy of PepsiCo in 2008. PepsiCo is the second largest food and beverage business in the world. The benefits of PepsiCo’s diversification strategies are identified. The business strategy is analysed to determine its efficacy across PepsiCo’s consumer business segments and product portfolio. The value chain match ups are determined and analysed to ascertain their relevance to the success
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Cost reduction Generally defined as the act of cutting costs to improve profitability. Cost reduction‚ should therefore‚ not be confused with cost saving and cost control. Cost saving could be a temporary affair and may be at the cost of quality. Cost reduction implies the retention of essential characteristics and quality of the product and thus it must be confined to permanent and genuine savings in the costs of manufacture‚ administration‚ distribution and selling‚ brought about by elimination
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2.5 Working Capital This section includes: Definition and classification of working capital Determinants of Working Capital Measurements of Working Capital Working Capital Financing Management of Working Capital Inventory management Cash Management Receivables Management INTRODUCTION : The term working capital is commonly used for the capital required for day-to-day working in a business concern‚ such as for purchasing raw material‚ for meeting day-to-day expenditure on salaries‚ wages‚ rents rates
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Generally‚ the term cost of production refers to the ‘money expenses’ incurred in the production of a commodity. But money expenses are not the only expenses incurred on the production of a commodity. There are number of services and inputs such as entrepreneurship‚ land‚ capital etc.‚ which are offered by an entrepreneur without changing any price or receiving any payment for them. While computing the total cost of production‚ allowance should be made for such expenses. It is therefore essential
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trends in the capital structure of India Inc. are as follows: Key observations: * Indian corporate employ substantial amount of debt in their capital structure in terms of the debt-equity ratio as well as total debt to total assets ratio. * As a result of debt-dominated capital structure‚ the Indian corporate are exposed to a very high degree of total risk as reflected in high degree of operating leverage and financial leverage and‚ consequently‚ are subject to a high cost of financial
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MODULE 9 CAPITAL BUDGETING THEORIES: Basic Concepts Decision Making Process 2. The first step in the decision-making process is to A. determine and evaluate possible courses of action. B. identify the problem and assign responsibility. C. make a decision. D. review results of the decision. Strategic planning 39. Strategic planning is the process of deciding on an organization’ A. minor programs and the approximate resources to be devoted to them B. major programs
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Product cost is the cost of direct labor‚ direct materials‚ and manufacturing overhead that are consumed to create a product. Product cost can also be considered the cost of the labor required to deliver a service to a customer. Direct Material Cost Definition: Direct material cost is the cost of materials used to manufacture a product or provide a service. Direct Labor Definition: Direct labor is production or services labor that is assigned to a specific product‚ cost center‚ or work order
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11 Allocation of Joint Costs and Accounting for By-Product/Scrap Objectives After completing this chapter‚ you should be able to answer the following questions: LO.1 LO.2 LO.3 LO.4 LO.5 How are the outputs of a joint process classified? What management decisions must be made before beginning a joint process? How is the joint cost of production allocated to joint products? How are by-product and scrap accounted for? How should not-for-profit organizations account for the cost of a joint activity?
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Strategies Group January 2006 Corporate Capital Structure Authors Henri Servaes Professor of Finance London Business School The Theory and Practice of Corporate Capital Structure Peter Tufano Sylvan C. Coleman Professor of Financial Management Harvard Business School Editors James Ballingall Capital Structure and Risk Management Advisory Deutsche Bank +44 20 7547 6738 james.ballingall@db.com Adrian Crockett Head of Capital Structure and Risk Management Advisory‚ Europe
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following data have been recorded for recently completed Job 501 on its job cost sheet. Direct materials cost was $3‚067. A total of 30 direct labor-hours and 104 machine-hours were worked on the job. The direct labor wage rate is $12 per labor-hour. The company applies manufacturing overhead on the basis of machinehours. The predetermined overhead rate is $11 per machine-hour. The total cost for the job on its job cost sheet would be: A. $4‚571 B. $3‚757 C. $3‚090 D. $3‚427 Applied manufacturing
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