ABSTRACT The average concentration of CaCO3 obtained was 212 ppm‚ with a standard deviation of 1 ppt. The results indicate that the unk B tap water can be considered as hard water. INTRODUCTION Hard water is due to metal ions (minerals) that are dissolved in the ground water. These minerals include Ca 2+‚ Mg2+‚ Fe3+‚ SO42-‚ HCO3-. When this water evaporates or boils‚ the difficult to dissolve metal salts remain as a scaly residue. Hard water inhibits the effectiveness of soap and detergents
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| Determination of the Critical Micelle Concentration | | | | Introduction: Purpose: The purpose of this experiment is to use the Conductometric method to determine the critical micelle concentration of SDS. Materials and Equipment: * SDS- Sigma Aldrich‚ Lot: 38H0080‚ S/N: L-439‚ * NaCl- Food grade Great Value * SDS 20% solution- Fisher Biotech‚ S/N: BP1311-200‚ Lot: 468059 * Wave generator- Pasco Scientific‚ S/N PI-9587C * Ammeter- Keithley Auto-ranging
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UNKNOWN SAMPLE #97 COMPLEXOMETRIC DETERMINATION OF WATER HARDNESS DR. BUDRUK CHM 152 LL SEAN MARKIS 4 FEBRUARY 2015 Introduction Using a Lewis base neutral molecule to donate electron pairs (ligands) to a Lewis acid metal ion center to form a single cluster (complex) ion. When the complex ions forms with a metal ion (chelation) the ligand used is called the (chelating agent). EDTA acts as a great chelating agent due to the Nitrogen and Oxygen donating an electron pair to the
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Zoo Biology 00: 1–13 (2012) RESEARCH ARTICLE Sex Determination in 58 Bird Species and Evaluation of CHD Gene as a Universal Molecular Marker in Bird Sexing Milos Vucicevic‚1∗ Marija Stevanov-Pavlovic‚1 Jevrosima Stevanovic‚1 Jasna Bosnjak‚1 Bojan Gajic‚2 Nevenka Aleksic‚1 and Zoran Stanimirovic1 1 Department of Biology‚ Faculty of Veterinary Medicine‚ University of Belgrade‚ Serbia Department of Parasitology‚ Faculty of Veterinary Medicine‚ University of Belgrade‚ Serbia 2 The
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Gravimetric Analysis: The Determination of Phosphorus in Plant Food Gravimetric analysis is a quantitative (i.e. how much?) method of classical analysis. The element to be determined is isolated in a solid compound of known identity and definite composition. The mass of the element that was present in the original sample can be determined from the mass of this compound. Plant foods contain three essential nutrients that are not readily available from soils. These are soluble compounds
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Executive Summary In today’s competitive world an employee satisfaction is very important for companies as a satisfied employee would produce more which in turn would give better benefits to the company. Job satisfaction is closely related to motivation level of the employees which depends on many factors such as monetary and non monetary benefits‚ working environment‚ co-workers‚ nature of the job etc.‚ when all these factors are kept in proper levels the employee satisfaction level increases or
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QUANTITATIVE DETERMINATION OF COPPER (II) CONCENTRATION BY SPECTROPHOTOMETRY D.DEL PRADO1‚ J. BELANO1‚ M.MAHUSAY2‚and M.FRANCISCO2 1 DEPARTMENT OF FOOD SCIENCE AND NUTRITION‚ COLLEGE OF HOME ECONOMICS 2INSTITUTE OF CHEMISTRY‚ COLLEGE OF SCIENCE UNIVERSITY OF THE PHLIPPINES‚ DILIMAN‚ QUEZON CITY 1101‚ PHILIPPINES DATE SUBMITTED: 12 MARCH 2013 DATE PERFORMED: 7 MARCH 2013 ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- ABSTRACT -------------------------------------------------
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DETERMINATION OF THE SOLUBILITY PRODUCT CONSTANT OF CALCIUM HYDROXIDE ABSTRACT This experiment aimed to determine the solubility product constant (Ksp) of Ca(OH)2 as well as to evaluate the effects of common and non-common ions on its solubility. Ca(OH)2 solids were dissolved in eight various media: distilled water‚ 1.0 M KCl‚ 0.5 M KCl‚ 0.1 M KCl‚ 0.05 M KCl‚ 0.005 M KCl‚ 0.001 M KCl‚ and 0.1 M Ca(NO3)2. The concentration of dissociated OH- concentrations was determined by means of titrimetric
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Alchemist‚ Santiago embarked on a journey that he would have never completed without determination‚ courage‚ and love aiding him along the way. If Santiago had not possessed these traits‚ he would have never been able to fulfill his dream. An examination of his journey reveals the importance of determination‚ courage‚ and love in Santiago’s life. One of Santiago’s defining qualities was his determination. Santiago was determined to pursue his personal legend which he saw in his dream. Also
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BACKGROUND: Esterification is a reaction that combines an alcohol with an organic acid‚ with a water molecule is being taken out‚ and an ester is formed. A concentrated acid catalyst speeds up the esterification. In this experiment set up‚ sulphamic acid was used‚ as it is a solid acid and be added dry‚ without any water‚ which is a reactant in this experiment equilibrium. Esterification is a slow and reversible reaction. The equation for the reaction between an acid RCOOH and an alcohol RẬᶦ
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