The Ideal and the Realty of Classical Athens Discovering the Western Past Introduction: Athens during the fifth century B.C. is often identified as one of the main sources of Western values and standards. Later Europeans and Americans regarded the Athenians as the originators of democracy‚ drama‚ representational or realistic art‚ history‚ philosophy‚ and science. At different times over the past 2‚500 years they have attempted to imitate this "Golden Age" of classical Athens in everything from
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religious practices but political usage as well. The Parthenon symbolized Athenian wealth and power and was dedicated to the Greek goddess Athena. After the Persian invasion destroyed these temples in 480 BC‚ it was ordered by the Athenian leader Pericles to construct the current standing temple of Athena. Athena is known for the goddess of wisdom‚ courage‚ inspiration‚ law and justice‚ civilization‚ strength‚ and strategy. It was believed that she helped the Greeks conquer the Persian Empire‚ thus
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especially for the Pentecontaetia (the „fifty- Year Period‟ 478-432). Without Plutarch our evidence from this period would be very fragmentary indeed. Source Plutarch‚ Life of Pericles‚ Penguin Classics Buckley‚ T. (1996) Aspects of Greek History 750-323BC. A Source Based Approach. Routledge‚ London Pericles Study Guide Chapters 1 & 2 Details you should know: • In these first two sections Plutarch sets out his philosophy for writing about the lives of eminent citizens. He does
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Explain the methods used by the Athenians to transform the Delian League into the Athenian Empire. (25 marks) There is certainty no evidence to suggest that the Athenians had any long-term plans‚ in the years 479-470 BC‚ to change the Delian League into an empire‚ although from the beginning the potential to develop into an imperial power were there. Because from the beginning‚ Athens had considerable power as she was the permanent hegemon.The most important aspects involving the transformation of
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of Athenian imperialism. These two powers have asymmetrically different military strengths. The Athenians and their allies relied on its Navy‚ while Sparta and their alliance relied on a strong army. Pericles led the Athenians and Archidamus led Sparta. Plague struck Athens in 429 BC‚ killing Pericles. Cleon came to power in 428 BC and convinced Athenian to massacre the rebellious Mytilene. Nicias comes to power after Cleon’s death and he was a mastermind behind the Peace of Nicias.
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In The Peloponnesian War‚ by Thucydides‚ translated by Steven Lattimore‚ Perikles celebrates many aspects of Athenian society in his funeral oration; the form of government‚ the celebrations or events that take place as well as attraction sites‚ and the type of education for children (92‚ 93). Perikles starts off by stating that their form of government‚ a Democracy‚ is different from their neighboring countries and that it is “…being administered in the interest not of the few but the many‚” (92)
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invasion” (1.14.3. P.12)‚ and the city fortifications – made it unconquerable to direct attack. This concept laid the basis for the Athenian strategy – defense at land and offense at sea. In the light of the preparation to the war the Athenian general Pericles “gave the citizens some advice on their present affairs… They were not to go out to battle‚ but to come into the city and guard it‚ and get ready their fleet‚ in which their real strength lay.” (2.13.2. P.98). Protected from the land attacks by long
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Hetaera’s‚ one of a class of professional independent courtesans (prostitutes) of ancient Greece who‚ besides developing physical beauty‚ cultivated their minds and talents to a degree far beyond that allowed to by the average woman. Usually living fashionably alone‚ or sometimes two or three together‚ the hetairai enjoyed an enviable and respected position of wealth and were protected and taxed by the state. Though they were generally foreigners‚ slaves‚ or freedwomen‚ their freedom was greater
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The Trojan War The Trojan War took place in approximately the 13th century. The ancient Greeks defeated the City of Troy. The Trojan War started after an incident at the wedding feast of Peleus‚ the king of Thessaly‚ and Thetis‚ a sea goddess. All the gods and goddesses of Mt. Olympus had been invited except Eris‚ the goddess of discord. Eris was offended and tried to stir up trouble among the guests at the feast. She sent a golden apple inscribed "For the most beautiful." Hera‚ Athena‚
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5:51 PM How did the Delian League become the Athenian Empire? Outline I. Thesis a. The Delian League‚ founded in 478 B.C.‚ started out as an early confederation of Greek city-states‚ with the common goal dealing with the Persian threat that had presented itself earlier. As time passed‚ the dominant member of this confederation became Athens‚ and soon after‚ the Delian League turned into an unofficial Athenian Empire after the Athenians defeated the Persians. II. Body- 1st paragraph a. Background
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