The Peloponnesian War was a gruesome battle between two hated city states in Ancient Greece. This War was fought against two leagues‚ the Peloponnesian League and the Delian League. The Peloponnesian League led by Sparta and included other powerful Greek city states who had the best military in Greece. The Delian League led by Athens and other city states would have a terrific navy since the city states were located near the Aegean Sea. But times were not always like this. Due to the Peloponnesian
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Athenian Golden Age began with the defeat of the invading Persians and ended shortly after the fall of Athens to the Spartans‚ in 404 BCE. The age saw numerous advances in art‚ philosophy‚ drama‚ literature‚ and government. Also known as the “Age of Pericles‚” after the Athenian statesman responsible for the direction of the city at the height of its achievements (Canadian Museum of History‚ n.d.). Scholars seem to have different theories and opinions as to what caused the decline of the Golden Age
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The Ideal and the Realty of Classical Athens Discovering the Western Past Introduction: Athens during the fifth century B.C. is often identified as one of the main sources of Western values and standards. Later Europeans and Americans regarded the Athenians as the originators of democracy‚ drama‚ representational or realistic art‚ history‚ philosophy‚ and science. At different times over the past 2‚500 years they have attempted to imitate this "Golden Age" of classical Athens in everything from
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religious practices but political usage as well. The Parthenon symbolized Athenian wealth and power and was dedicated to the Greek goddess Athena. After the Persian invasion destroyed these temples in 480 BC‚ it was ordered by the Athenian leader Pericles to construct the current standing temple of Athena. Athena is known for the goddess of wisdom‚ courage‚ inspiration‚ law and justice‚ civilization‚ strength‚ and strategy. It was believed that she helped the Greeks conquer the Persian Empire‚ thus
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especially for the Pentecontaetia (the „fifty- Year Period‟ 478-432). Without Plutarch our evidence from this period would be very fragmentary indeed. Source Plutarch‚ Life of Pericles‚ Penguin Classics Buckley‚ T. (1996) Aspects of Greek History 750-323BC. A Source Based Approach. Routledge‚ London Pericles Study Guide Chapters 1 & 2 Details you should know: • In these first two sections Plutarch sets out his philosophy for writing about the lives of eminent citizens. He does
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Explain the methods used by the Athenians to transform the Delian League into the Athenian Empire. (25 marks) There is certainty no evidence to suggest that the Athenians had any long-term plans‚ in the years 479-470 BC‚ to change the Delian League into an empire‚ although from the beginning the potential to develop into an imperial power were there. Because from the beginning‚ Athens had considerable power as she was the permanent hegemon.The most important aspects involving the transformation of
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of Athenian imperialism. These two powers have asymmetrically different military strengths. The Athenians and their allies relied on its Navy‚ while Sparta and their alliance relied on a strong army. Pericles led the Athenians and Archidamus led Sparta. Plague struck Athens in 429 BC‚ killing Pericles. Cleon came to power in 428 BC and convinced Athenian to massacre the rebellious Mytilene. Nicias comes to power after Cleon’s death and he was a mastermind behind the Peace of Nicias.
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Pericles was the leader of Athens and was born in 495BC and died in 429BC. His father‚ Xanthippus was a political leader who grew up in the family of the Alcmaeonids and his mother‚ Agariste provided Pericles with political value and a relgious defilement. Growing up Pericles was very bright‚ his family was wealthy which meant he had access to the best teachers in the whole of Athens. This meant he was able to fully pursue his education. As a young man‚ Pericles used much of his wealth to support
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invasion” (1.14.3. P.12)‚ and the city fortifications – made it unconquerable to direct attack. This concept laid the basis for the Athenian strategy – defense at land and offense at sea. In the light of the preparation to the war the Athenian general Pericles “gave the citizens some advice on their present affairs… They were not to go out to battle‚ but to come into the city and guard it‚ and get ready their fleet‚ in which their real strength lay.” (2.13.2. P.98). Protected from the land attacks by long
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Hetaera’s‚ one of a class of professional independent courtesans (prostitutes) of ancient Greece who‚ besides developing physical beauty‚ cultivated their minds and talents to a degree far beyond that allowed to by the average woman. Usually living fashionably alone‚ or sometimes two or three together‚ the hetairai enjoyed an enviable and respected position of wealth and were protected and taxed by the state. Though they were generally foreigners‚ slaves‚ or freedwomen‚ their freedom was greater
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