Restriction Enzymes Restriction enzymes (also known as restriction endonucleases) are a group of bacterial enzymes which cut double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) into smaller fragments at specific points. They are a defence mechanism used by bacteria to cleave the DNA of invading viruses‚ thereby restricting their expression. The exploitation of restriction enzymes ability to cut large pieces of DNA into smaller fragments (called restriction fragments) and the highly specific way in which they do this
Premium DNA
Most of life’s biological processes involve the use of protein catalyst called enzymes‚ that help speed up chemical reactions within the body without being denatured in the processes. Enzymes can be used continually by temporary binding to a specific substrate in the active site to convert the substrate into a product that the cell needs to perform a specific function. Without the use of catalyst enzymes‚ homeostasis wouldn’t be able to occur quickly enough which can result in many bodily functions
Premium Enzyme Chemical reaction Metabolism
Enzymes An enzyme is a protein used to speed up the rate of a chemical reaction. Because they regulate the rate of chemical reactions‚ they are also called catalysts. There are many‚ many different types of enzymes‚ because for each chemical reaction that occurs‚ an enzyme specific to that reaction must be made. To act on a substrate‚ an enzyme must contain an active site. The active site is the area on the enzyme that allows the substrate and enzyme to fit together. The amino acids that are present
Premium Enzyme PH
FUNCTIONS OF ENZYMES Enzymes are extremely important to the human body and its ability to function. An enzyme itself is a protein made by the body’s cells to act as catalyst‚ speeding up chemical reactions in the cell. It does this by taking the reactants‚ or the elements or compounds that enter into the chemical reaction‚ in this situation referred to as substrates‚ and breaking apart their bonds so that new ones can form. The three types of enzymes are digestive enzymes‚ food enzymes‚ and metabolic
Premium Enzyme Metabolism Protein
Anatomy of Flowering Plants Tissues A tissue is a group of cells having a common origin and usually performing a common function. Based on cell’s capability to divide‚ tissues are classified into two main groups which are as follows: 1. Meristematic and 2. Permanent tissues. Meristematic Tissues: Cells in the meristematic tissue are capable of dividing. Meristematic tissues are found in those regions which need to grow continuously. For example‚ root tips and stem tips contain meristematic
Premium Plant anatomy Phloem Plant physiology
Immobilization of Enzymes And Their Applications By‚ Shudhangshu Shekhar Kundu Introduction: What an enzyme? Enzymes are protein molecules‚ which serve to accelerate the chemical reactions of living cells (often by several orders of magnitude). Without enzymes‚ most biochemical reactions would be too slow to even carry out life processes. Enzymes display
Premium Enzyme Polymer
The bonding of an enzyme to its substrate forms an enzyme-substrate complex. The catalytic action of the enzyme converts its substrate into the product or products of the reaction. Each reaction is extremely specific‚ distinguishing between closely related compounds‚ including isomers. For example‚ the enzyme sucrase will only act on sucrose and will not bind to any other disaccharide. The molecular recognition of enzymes is due to the fact that they are proteins‚ which are defined as being macromolecules
Premium Enzyme Catalysis Chemical reaction
Enzymes are biologic polymers that catalyze the chemical reactions that make life as we know it possible. The presence and maintenance of a complete and balanced set of enzymes is essential for the breakdown of nutrients to supply energy and chemical building blocks; the assembly of those building blocks into proteins‚ DNA‚ membranes‚ cells‚ and tissues; and the harnessing of energy to power cell motility‚ neural function‚ and muscle contraction. With the exception of catalytic RNA molecules‚ or
Premium Enzyme
Factors Affecting Enzymes The activity of an Enzyme is affected by its environmental conditions. Changing these alter the rate of reaction caused by the enzyme. In nature‚ organisms adjust the conditions of their enzymes to produce an Optimum rate of reaction‚ where necessary‚ or they may have enzymes which adapted to function well in extreme conditions where they live.Increasing temperature increases the Kinetic Energy. In a fluid‚ this means that there are more random collisions between molecules
Premium Enzyme PH
YEAR 11 BIOLOGY EEI YEAR 11 BIOLOGY EEI JOSHUA CURSON JOSHUA CURSON ANIMAL PHYSIOLOGY- ENZYMES ANIMAL PHYSIOLOGY- ENZYMES ------------------------------------------------- THE ENZYME IS MIGHTIER THAN THE SWORD Effects of Temperature on Amylase Activity ABSTRACT: The aim of this EEI was to test the effects of temperature on the activity of the enzyme Amylase. Solutions of starch and amylase were held at selected temperatures by various methods of temperature control. Once
Premium Enzyme Chemical reaction Temperature